十二指腸因子가 白鼠胃潰瘍發生에 미치는 影響

Abstract

[한글]

[영문]

In early Ewald and Boas (1886) noted that the addition of olive oil to a gruel test meal in human subject. in comparison with gruel alone, depression of the acid concentration of the gastric contents and delay in the emptying of the meal from the stomach. The phenomena of the inhibitory action of the fat was further studied by Farrell and Ivy(1926), and Feng et at. (1930), who domonstrated that the feeding of olive oil to a dog with autotransplanted fundic pouch caused inhibition of the motor activity and also acid secretion. Subsequent studies on extracts of duodenal mucosa have tailed to define the substance involved, although the concept that the enterogastrone is a duodenal hormone inhibiting both gastric motility and acid secretion is accepted.

In recent years, specific extracts of duodenal mucosa containing secretin, cholecystokinin and pancreozymin activity have been prepared (Jorpes and Mutt, 1959). The secretin preparation was found to inhibit gastrio acid secretion by the

studies of Greenlee et al. (1957), jordan and Petterson (1962)and Wormsley and Grossman (1964). The extracts containing cholecystokinin-pancreozymin activity alas found to inhibit gastric acid secretion and its motility and to exceed secretin

preparations in potency according to Gillespie and Grossman (1964), Jordan and De la Rosa (1964) or Johnson and Magee(1965).

Sandweiss (1943) reported a principle extractable from the small intestinal mucosa which exerts an anti-ulcer effect in Mann-Williamsson dogs and called Anthelone. The effect was not due to its gastric acidity depressant activity. However, its hormone status is uncertain.

By these reports one can easily recall that there might be an appreciable influence on peptic ulcer with the enterogastrone mechanism or with specific duodenal extracts. The present study performed to observe the effect of two extracts of doudenal mucosa, one containing secretin and the other cholecystokinin-pancreozymin, as well as the effect of fat or other agents into

duodenum on gastric ulceration in rats.

Methods

Experimental Groups:

Albino rats weighing 150 to 200 g of both sexes were used. The animals were starved for forty-eitht hours and the pyloric ligation was placed for 5 or 20 hours by the procedure used by Chang et al.(1965). During the starvation period, water was permitted ad libitum but coprophagy was avoided.

Fifty-seven rats were rosed in the first of experiments. All rats were placed pyloric ligature for 20hours after 48 hour starvation. The first group was untreated control. The second to the fifth group were received intraduodenal olive oil, mineral oil, 0.1N HCI and 0.1N NaOH in a dose of 2 cc, respectively, after pyloric ligation.

Fifty-four rats were used in the second series of experiments. All rats were processed as the first series of experiments except intravenous administration of the specific duodenal extracts instead of intraduodenal treatment. The first group was saline injected control. The second to fifth group were received Secretin by Vitrum, Secretin by Boots, Cecekin by Vitrum and Pancreozymin by Boots in a dose of 2 units into tail vein, respectively.

Fifty-three rats were used in the third series of the experiments. All rats were processed as the second series of experiments and received the agents eliciting gastric depression were administered. The first group was untreated control. The

second and third group were received intramuscular atropine and hexamethonium in a dome of 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg, respectively. The fourth groupwas received acetazolamide in a dose of 5 mg/kg into tail vein. The fifth group was indroduced procaine into duodenum in a dose of 2 co of 1% solution.

Another design of experiments similar to the above series were performed for analysis of gastric juice. Each group consisted of 6 animals and pyloric ligature placed for 5 hours after 48 hour starva-tion. The treatment to each group was same as the previous experiment.

Completion of experimental period the rats were killed under ether anesthesia by exanguination from the femoral artery. The stomach was removed, trimmed free of adipose tissue, and then opened by cutting along the greater curvature. The gastric juice was collected. The specimens were then washed under tap water. thru and total acid of the juice were titrated in the usual manner using Topfer's and phenolphthalein as the indicators and N/2O NaOH for titration. Pepsin activity was determined by the method of Anson (1938),

Results and Conelusion

Ulcerative gastric legion in rats were produced by the procedure of Shay et al. as the previous report (1965). The ulceration develops uniformly in the rumen, less often in the antrum, and least frequently in the body of the stomach. The lesions

are most marked in the rumen.

The administration of olive oil into duodenum was very effective in preventing the occurrance of gastric lesions Produced by Pyloric ligature after starvation. The incidence of gastric ulceration was 10.0% (one animal). Furthermore, the lesion of the stomach in one animal which had ulcer was quit slight. Although the occurrance is less than olive oil, the mineral oil was also effective for prevention of ulceration. Introduction of acid into duodenum was slightly effective

but alkali was not at all effective in preventing the gastric lesion.

The occurrance of gastric ulcer Produced by Pyloric ligature and starvation was greatly diminished by the administration of the specific duodenal extracts, secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin. The efficacy by Vitrum secretin and Boots pancreozymin were the highest and by Boots secretin the lowest.

In the third series of experiments pretreatment with atropine or hexamethonium was effective in preventing the gastric lesion produced by ligature after starvation. Acetazolamide and procaine were also effective but in a less degree in preventing the ulceration.

The acidity of gastric juice was considerably lower in the animals treated with the specific duodenal extracts, atropine or hekamethonium than the control animals. The gastric acid was not decreased in the animals received intraduodenal mineral oil, by which the incidence of occurrance of gastric lesion was well prevented.

Pepsin activity in gastric juice was decreased in the animals treated with olive oil, pancreozymin, hexamethonium or atropine. It was true particularly in the experiment which hadpyloric ligation for 5 hours after 48 hour starvation.

It is concluded by the above results that duodenal factors preventing gastric ulceration may consist of secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin or even the themselves, which exerts the physiological activity ascribed to enterogastrone.