Allicin 및 亞砒酸이 白鼠에 미치는 影響에 關한 比較觀察

Abstract

[한글]

[영문]

Hotzel(1936) reported that garlic had an antihelmintic and bactericidal action and Cavallito and Bailey(1944) extracted an active substance from garlic, He named it "allicin". Kim(1965) reported' that allicin had an inhibiting action on tissue oxidation, and on the TCA cycle. Dittmore(1953) reported that the volatile substance from garlic had an antitumor and antibacterial action. Jung(1938) causedanemia in rabbits by administering garlic. Previously Miyamoto(1935) also had reported the sameresult.

Arsenite has been reported to have a toxic effect on the liver, heart and kidney(McFarlafd et al.1962 and Stolger et al. 1950). Freis and Mater(197) reported that the arsenic compound(Mapharsen)caused anemia in human beings. Peters and

Sandadi(1961) observed arsenite to have an inhibitingaction on xanthine oxidase in vitro. Brodie(1963) reported that arsenite inhibited phosphorylation.

As mentioned above, both allicin and arsenite inhibit the tissue respiration and reduce the hemoglobin level.

The purpose of this experiment is to observe the effect of high doses of allicin and arsenite on rats, and to study the detoxifying action of vitamin C on allicin and arsenite toxins.

Materials and Methods

100 adult male albino rats were divided into 6 groups. Allicin, arsenite, and vitamin C were admin-istered intra-abdominally as follows :

Group I: Allicin

Group ll: Allicin and vitamin C

Group III: Arsenite

Group IV: Arsenite and vitamin C

Group V: Vitamin C

Group Vl: Normal saline

The rats were injected intra-abdominally everyday for 3 weeks. The body weight was measuredevery day and hemoglobin was determined every week. When the experiment was over, the rats weresacrificed and pieces of the liver were removed and treated

as follows:

Fixation: Zenker's solution and 10% formalin for the fat staining

Section: Paraffin section-5 micron, Frozen section for the fat staining-10 micron

Staining methods: Hematoxylin·Eosin stain for routine, PAS stain for glycogen, Methyl green-Pyronin stain for RNA, and Oil red-O isopropanol stain for fat.

Results and Summary

1. The effect of allicin and arsenite on body weight:

Arsenite did not effect body weight but allicin inhibited the increase in body weight of rats. VitaminC prevented the toxic effect of allicin on body weight.

2. The effect of allicin and arsenite on hemoglobin:

Arsenite reduced the hemoglobin but vitamin C did not have any detoxifying effect on the arsenite. At the begining of the experiments allicin reduced the hemoglobin level slightly but, at the end of thee xperiments, the h7m7gl7bin level r7lurr7d to

formal. In the group receiving vitamin C, from thebfgining the hemoglobin remained contir, uously normal.

3. Summary of histological findings :

─────┬────────┬────────┬──────┬────────

Group │H-E for routine │PAS for glycogen│MGP for RNA │Oil RO for fat

─────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────

Normal │Unclear border │Many PAS positi-│More Pyronin│Fat granules ac-

group │of the lobule. │ve granules in │-positive │cumulated in a

│Unclear ramific-│the peripheral │granules in │few spots of the

│ation of the in-│part of the │the contral │central area.

│terlobular arte-│lobule. │area than in│

│ry. Radially │ │the lobular │

│arranged hepatic│ │periphery. │

│call cord. │ │ │

─────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────

Group Ⅰ │Generally somew-│Many PAS positi-│No differen-│Profused fat

│hat hyperemic. │ve graanules in │ce between │granules in the

│Infiltration of │the central area│the periphe-│peripheral part.

│lymphocytes in │ │ral and cen-│

│the portal tria-│ │tral area. │

│ngle. General │ │ │

│degenerative ch-│ │ │

│anges in liver │ │ │

│cells, periport-│ │ │

│al area being │ │ │

│more marked than│ │ │

│central area. │ │ │

─────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────

Group Ⅱ │Less infiltrati-│Same as the │Less Pyronin│Same as the

│on of WBC in the│above. │-positive │Normal group.

│portal triangle │ │granules th-│

│than in Group Ⅰ│ │an in then │

│The other findi-│ │normal, but │

│ngs are almost │ │somewhat mo-│

│the same as the │ │re in the │

│normal. │ │periphery │

│ │ │than in the │

│ │ │central. │

─────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────

Group Ⅲ │Changes in the │More PAS-positi-│Same as the │More fat granules

│portal area but │ve granules in │Group Ⅰ. │in the midzonal

│no changes in │the peripheral │Scarce focal│area than in the

│the central area│part than in the│necrosis in │peripheral and

│ │central. Dissem-│the periphe-│central area.

│ │inated focal ne-│ral part. │

│ │cresis in the │ │

│ │midzonal area. │ │

─────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────

Group Ⅳ │No changes in │More PAS-positi-│Same as the │Same as the

│the peripheral │ve granules in │Group Ⅲ. │Group Ⅲ.

│area. A few foc-│the central area│ │

│al necrosis in │than in the per-│ │

│the midzonal │ipheral area. │ │

│area. │ │ │

─────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────

Group Ⅴ │Same as the nor-│More PAS-positi-│No staining.│Same as the

│mal group. │ve granules in │ │Normal group.

│ │the area central│ │

│ │than in the per-│ │

│ │ipheral area. │ │

─────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────

Group Ⅵ │Same as the │Same as the │No staining.│Same as the

│group. │group. │ │Normal group.

─────┴────────┴────────┴──────┴────────

Conclusion

High doses of allicin and arsenite were administered to albino rats. Their toxic effect as well as the detoxic effect of vitamin C on these toxic substances was investigated.

1) High doses of allicin inhibited the growth of albino rats but arsenite did not.

2) Arsenite reduced the hemoglobin level but allicin did not.

3) Allicin showed toxic effects on the liver as follows: glycogen, and RNA were reduced at the portal vein area and fat infiltration was seen there.

4) Arsenite also showed almost the same hepatic changes as allicin did.

5) Vitamin C prevented the toxic effect of allicin on body weight and on the liver. It did not prevent the toxic effects of arsenite.