蛔蟲蟲體成分에 依한 皮內反應에 關한 硏究

Abstract

[한글]

[영문]

INTRODUCTION

The studies on allergic reaction with the substances of Ascaris lumbricoides have long been studied by various workers; Conventry(1929), Campbell(1736), Sakei(1949), Miya-kawa(1950), Ikeda(1952), Matsumoto and Imawari(1952), Morishita and Kobayashi(1953, 1954), Komiyayama(1954) and Yamamoto(1956).

Campbell(1936) and some other workers reported that the polysaccharides from ascaris produced the stronger intradermal reactions than protein fraction, though Yamamoto(1954)and others found the reverse results. On the other hand, Hosotani(1954) reported that the crude antigen or mixed antigen with polysaccharide and protein fraction of the ascaris produced the strongest skin reaction than with the other single fraction.

As are shown in above reports, the intensity of the allergic reaction with the substances from ascaris is still remained under dispute. The reason might be due to the difference of the method of preparation, technique and evaluation.

The aim of the present study is to elucidate the intensity of allergic reactivity of protein and polysaocharide fraction and mixed substance of the two fractions and crude antigen of Ascars's lumbricoides.

METERIALS AHD HTHODS

A. Intradermal Test

1, Human Experiment

The intradermal test was performed on several groups of people.

A: Ascaris iumbricoides egg Positive cases among adult ages.

B: Ascaris lumbricoides egg negative cases but who bad doubtful symptom.

C: Ascaras iumbricoides egg negative cases but who had past history of ascaris infection

D: Ascaris iumbricoides egg negative cases and aged 3-8months old.

2. Animal Experiment .

Same breeds of 6 dogs were raised in cages of laboratory for 6 months. During the period, special attention was paid to keep them in parasite free condition. The bodyweight was 10kg in average.

B. Antigens

The adult worms of Ascaris lumbricoides, which were obtained during laparotomy, were first washed with sterilized saline solution. Each ascaris was placed in 50m1 of saline solution and kept in 37℃ incubator for 24 hours. Among of them, the active one was selected and put to sudden freeze at -70℃ for 20 hours. The whole body was powdered in a dried condition and kept it in ampoule at -4℃.

a) Crude antigen

The ether extract of powdered Ascaris lumbricoides were metaled by adding veronal buffer solution (1:100) and kept in icebox fur 48 hours. The suspension was dilated with veronal buffer solution in the ratio of 1:10,000.

b) Protein antigen

This antigen was prepared by Chaffee's modified methods and ammonium sulfate extraction method.

c) Polysaccharide antigen

Chaffee's modified method and ethanol extraction method were applied.

d) Mixed antigen

The same amount of preparation of protein and polysaccharide antigen were mixed.

C. Intradermal test

1. The intradermal test

0.02m1 of antigen was injected on the anterior surface of the forearm in human and on the back in animal, with tuberclin syringe. The criteria of the skin reaction were deter-mined as follows; wheal: -; 0-4mm, ±;5-7mm, +; 8-9mm, ╂; 10-llmm, ; 12-l3mm, ; over 14mm, in diameter. and erythema: -; 0-8mm, ± 9-2Omm, +: 21-32mm, ╂,33-44mm, ; 45-56mm, ; over 57mm, in diameter.

D. Stool examination

All the stool examination was done by formalin-ether concentration (M.G.L.) method. E.P.G. (egg per gram) was also determined by Stoll's e99 counting method.

RESULT

The intradermal reaction after the injection of each antigen was observed at 15, 30, 60 minutes and 3, 24 hours. In 58 ascariasis cases, the peak of wheal was appeared at 30 minute; 93.0% with the crude antigen, 15.5% with the mixed antigen,

10.3% with the protein antigen, but all were negative in the polysaccharide antigen.

The erythema reaction paralleled, in genaral, to the wheal; 75.8% at 15 minutes, 72.5% at 30 minutes and 48.3% at 60 minutes, with the crude antigen. Only 3.4% showed erythema at 15, 30, and 60 minutes in the case of mixed antigen, and 1.7% of positive was appeared at 30 minutes in the case of protein antigen, but none was observed in the polysaccharide antigen. The wheal and erythema revealed

correlationship each other.

Both of them showed 65.5% positive boundary in the case of crude antigen. Generally, the crude antigen resulted the highest and strongest reaction than the other fractions; the mixed, protein and polysaccharide in decreasing order.

In adult age group, who showed egg negative at the time of injection, 81.5% were positive in skin reaction with the crude antigen, and 88.6% in the group who complained doubtful symptom hut egg negative. In the group who had past history of ascaris infection showed 66.6% positive and none in the egg negative infant group with the same crude antigen.

The wheal size was not always paralleled with the worm burden.

The cross reaction with the antigen from Ascaris lumbricoides and Toxocara canis was examined by the intradermal test. There was no cross reaction between the two antigen.

The infected dog with Toxocara cams showed positive reaction by the crude antigen of same species, but not by the human species.

Experimentally, the positive skin reaction was appeared only by the crude antigen at four weeks after the infection of Toxocara cams.

CONCLUSION

The intradermal studies with the fraction of Ascaris lumbricoides and Toxocara canis were performed to human and dog, and the following results were observed.

1) Wheal and erythema were appeared in the cases of ascaris infection or who had past history, but not in the ascaris free before.

2) The size of wheal reached to peak 30 minutes after the injection.

3) The crude antigen had specificity and showed no cross reaction.

4) The crude antigen caused the strongest and largest reaction than the other substances; protein, polysaccharide and the mixed antigen. No cutaneous reaction was observed with the fraction of polysaccharide.

5) The size of wheal did not paralleled with the worm burden.

6) The skin reaction was appeared four weeks after the infecion.