Morphine hydrochloride가 흰쥐 장간막 비만세포에 미치는 영향에 관한 조직학적 연구

Abstract

[한글]

[영문]

It is well known that the histamine is liberated by histamine liberators, such as compound 48/80 etc. It s liberation causes degranulation of the mast cells. It has been shown that opium alkaloids and the morphine derivative, apomorphine, also have to he added to the list of histamine liberators. Lee (1968) reported a significant degranulation of the mesenteric mast cello of the rat folllowing the intravenous injection of morphine HCI. McCawley et al. (1941) first described the ability of N-allyl normorphine to reverse the respiratory depression produced in animals by large doses of morphine. Smith et at. (1951) suggested that nalorphine antagonizes the hypothermic effect of morphine in dogs.

Studying tee effect of the morphine HCI after adrenalectomy in rata, Padawer and Gordon(1953) noted that the peritoneal mart cells were smaller than those of the control rats. Using adrenalectomized Hill and Poapisil (1960) showed that cortisol

produced a swelling of the granules n4 the formation of metachromatic vacuoles in the peritoneal mast cells. Lee (1968), using adrenalectomized rata, noted a significant inhibition of the meperidine HCI effect on the degranulation of the meaenteric mast cells.

The present study in albino rata was undertaken to determine the effect of morphine hydrochloride injection on the degranulation and disruption of mesenteric mast cells and to observe whether or not nalorphine antagoniged the morphine effect

of causing degranulation of the mesenteric mast cells. Also the effect of morphine on the degranulation of the mesenteric mast cell was studied in an adrenalectomized rat.

64 male albino rat of the Sprague-Dawley strain weighing about 200 grams, were used in thin study. To study the hiatological severity of the degranulation 3 experimental groups were given intravenously in a single dose, 6mg. 12mg. and 24mg. per kilogram of morphine HCI in a normal saline solution, The degree of

degranulation in the mesenteric mast cells were compared 4 hours after each injection. 6 experimental groups were given a single dose of 12mg. per kilogram of morphine HCI in a normal saline solution to observe the histological changes of degranulation in the mesenteric mast cells at intervals of 30 minutes,1,2,3,4, and

5 hours after the morphine intravenous injection.

To study the antagonism of nalorphine to morphine as related to the degranulation of the mesenteric mast cell, this experimental group was given the same dose of nalorphine. HCI 12mg. per kilogram of a body weight as morphine HCI. Subsequently 10 minutes later, morphine HCI was injected. The findings are compared with whore of the control rata, which had received intravenous injections of nalorphine HCI and normal saline solution.

To study the inhibiting effect an adrenalectomy on the degranulation of the mast cell the adrenalectomized rat was intravenously injected with 12mg. of morphine HCI per kilogram of a body weight and the results of thin group were compared with

those for the control group in which the adrenalectomized rata were injected with normal saline.

The rats were sacrificed by occipital blows and absolute methanol was infused into the peritioneal cavity through a small incision in the anterior median abdominal wall and then fixed for 20 minutes in situ to reduce direct mechanical injury to the mesenteric mast cells. A few pieces of the mesentery were gently

removed and stained with Pugh solution for 3minuter, a technique uses by LeBlanc and Rosenherg(1957) to demonstrate the metachromatic granules of the mast cells.

The degree of degranulation of mast cells was divided into 4 grades by the criteria of An(1964) as follows: 1. the normal type of mast cell which displayed usually a round form(Fig. 1). The mast cell which showed one or two extracellular metachromatic granules in the vicinity was described as "the normal type. ", 2. the grade Ⅰ type or "alight" degranulation of a mast cell showed a few to several metachromatic granules. (Fig.2), 3. tIne grade Ⅱ typeor "moderate" degranulation of a most cell had a dean contour is shown in Fig.3 and 4.the grade Ⅲ type, "severe" degranulation or disruption of a mart cell, in which the clear contour of the mart cell is hard to identify due to severe degranulation or a disruption of the mast cell (Fig.4).

In the grove injected intravenously with a single dose of 12mg. of morphine HCI per kilogram slightly degranulated mast cells occurred in an incidence of 15.6±10.43% as compared with an incidence of 2.2±10.08% in the control group. Slightly degranulated mast cells in the groups injected with a single close of 6mg., 12mg. and 24mg. of morphine HCI per kilogram of a body weight each showed in the incidence of 8.2±10.32%, 15.2±0.43% and 11.6±0.31% respectively. The decree of the degranulation in the mesenteric mast cell was not parallel to the dosage of the morphine HCI.

In the 6 experimental groups, which had been given a single dose of 12 mg. of morphine HCI per kilogram of a body weight and the change in the degranulation observe at intervals of 30 minutes, 1,2,3,4 and 5 hours after the intravenous injection, slightly degranulated mast cells occurred in an incidence of 9.7±0.25%, 8.8±0.35%, 14.2±0.43%, 16.0±0.26%, 15.6±0.43% and 10.0%±0.24%, respectively. In these groups, the degree of the degranulation of the mast cell observed 3 and 4 hours after the injection of morphine HCI, was greater than that of other groups.

Regarding the inhibitfing effect of nalorphine against morphine HCI which had caused degranulation of the mesenteric mast cells. there were only slightly degranulated mast cells in the group which had gotten nalorphine HCI and morphine HCI, and incidence of 10.5±0.26% in comparison with 9.8±0.26% for the group getting only nalorphine HCI with normalsaline. However, these results were compared with the incidence of 15.6±0.43% of the group injected with morphine HCI and there were fairly significant differences between them. The blocking effect of nalorphine HCI against morphine HCI, that is, the presenting of morphine HCI caused degranulation of the meaenteric mast cells was proved.

Regarding the inhibiting effect of adrenalectomy on the degranulation of the mast cell, slightly degranulated mast cells in the experimental adrenalectomy group which had been injected with morphine HCI occurred in an incidence of 7.8±0.2l% as

compared with which had been 7.7±0.17% in the adrenalectomy control group injected with only normal saline. Adrenalectomy caused an inhibition of the effect morphine HCI which had caused a degranulation of mesenteric mast cells.

In summary the morphine HCI caused degranulation of the mesenteric mast cells.

These degrnulation of mast cells by morphine HCI was inhibited by nalorphine HCI.

Also it was demonstrated that this degranulation of the mart cells is closely related to the function of adrenal gland.