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Aminoglycoside 항생제가 취절편의 효소분비에 미치는 영향

Other Titles
 Effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics on amylase release from pancreatic slices of chick 
Authors
 김성규 
Department
 Dept. of Internal Medicine (내과학교실) 
Issue Date
1978
Description
의학과/박사
Abstract
[한글]

Fleming의 Penicillin발견과 더불어 1944년 Waksman에 의한 streptomycin의 발견은 감염증치료에 획기적 계기를 마련하였다. 최초의 aminoglycoside 항생제인 streptomycin이 발견된 이후 많은 aminoglycoside항생제가 개발되었고 초기의 Gram음성균만을 위한 약제

로부터 탈피하여 이제는 광역항생역가를 갖게 되었으며 임상적 응용이 많아지고 있다. 이들 aminoglycoside항생제는 유사한 구조식을 가지며 세균학적 및 약동학적면에서는 물론 부작용 또한 비슷하다. 특히 신장애, 제 8뇌신경장애 및 신경근접합부의 장애로 인한 호흡부전증등을 초래할 수 있다. 일반적으로 aminoglycoside계 항생제뿐 아니라 대부분의 항생제는 단백합성억제 혹은 세포막기능을 변동시켜 항균작용을 나타낸다. 한편 생체조직등 단백합성이 왕성한 곳으로는 선(腺)장기가 지목되고 특히 취장이 실험대상으로 쓰인다.

Singh등 (1972)은 흰쥐의 취절편에 대한 실험으로 streptomycin이 amylase유리를 항진시킨다고 보고하였고 Tucker 및 Webster(1972)는 tetracycline이 비둘기 취장에서 효소단백합성을 억제할 뿐 아니라 분비도 억제함을 관찰하였으며 이 등(1976)은 streptomycin으로 흰쥐에서 담취분비량이 감소되고 또한 취효소인 amylase 활성이 저하되었음을 보고한 바 있다.

그러나aminoglycoside항생제가 다른 부작용에 관한 많은 연구에도 불구하고 취 외분비에 미치는 영향에 관하여서는 충분히 규명된 바 없음으로 이에 본 실험에서는 임상적으로 상용되는 항생제 중 단백합성에 관여하는 aminoglycoside항생제가 취조직편의 효소분비 및 조직내의 효소량에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다.

실험동물로 체중 1.5∼2kg의 잡종닭을 사용하였고 실험 약제는 수용성희 aminoglycoside항생제 중 streptomycin, kanamrcin, aminosidine, kanendomycin, vistamycin, dibekacin 및 amikacin을 사용하였다.

동물을 희생시킨 후 취장을 적출분리 하여 무게 100mg씩 의 절편을 만들어 Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer solution에서 산소존재하에 incubation시켰으며 약물은 각 임상치료량을 기준으로 하여2∼20mg씩 또는 이의 5배 용량을 첨가하였다. Incubation이 끝난 후 incubation medium과 취절편 homogenate를 여과하여 amylase 및 단백합량을 측정하였으며 amylase활성은 Sumner(1924)법으로, 단백합량은 Lowrey등 (1951)의 방법으로 측정하였다.

또한 취장절편을 90분간 incubation시켜 그 medium을 0∼4℃에서 증류수로 투석 (dialyze)한후 medium내에 유리된 효소단백을 등전집초법으로 분리하였다. 취절편내 cyclic AMP및 cyclic GMP는 3분간 incubation시 킨 후 radioimmunoassay법으로 측정하였다.

실험성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다.

1. 닭취장절편의 부리에 따른 amylase유리치에는 각별한 차이가 없었다.

2. Aminoglycoside 항생제의 소량첨가로 medium내의 효소분비는 변동하며 streptomycin, kanamycin, aminosidine, kanendomycin 및 vistamycin에 의해 amylase유리가 의의있게 항진되었고 대량첨가로 kanamycin과 kanendomycin을 제외하고는 역시 전반적으로 더욱 항진되었다.

3. 조직내의 amylase활성은 aminoglycoside항생제로 큰 변화가 없었으나 대조실험으로 행한 pancreozymin 첨가군에서는 의의있게 감소되었다.

4. Aminoglycoside항생제 투여후 medium내 단백의 등전집초상은 취효소유리와 상응하여 분획수 증가를 나타냈고 염색정도도 뚜렷하였다.

5. Aminoglycoside항생제로 조직내 cyclic nucleotide의 변동은 관찰할 수 없었으며 pancreo-zymin첨가군에서만 cyclic GMP의 상승을 볼 수 있었다.

이상의 성적으로 보아 aminoglycosiae항생제는 취효소 유리를 항진시킴을 알 수 있으며 그 기전에 관하여는 계속 추구하여야 할 과제이나 적어도 이러한 항생제의 효과는 pancreozymin기전과는 무관하게 초래되는 작용이라 생각되며 이는 이들 항생물질의 세포막에

대한 부작용과 유관한 현상이라 추측된다.

[영문]

With the discovery of penicillin and streptomycin in 1928 and 1944, respectively, the golden age of antibiotics was begun. Since then many kinds of the aminoglycoside antibiotics were introduced (Braude 1976) and nowadays some semisynthetic derivatives of the series are available. Currently a wide range of infections including the Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be controlled by aminoglycosides. However, usage of theme antibiotics frequently accompany with side effects. In general, the adverse reactions to the various aminoglycosides are

qualitatively similar, e.g., hypersensitivity, auditory or vestibular dysfunction, nephrotoxicity and neuromuscular blocking with resultant apnea.

The aminoglycoside antibiotics inhibit bacterial respiration and act upon the ribosome in bacterial cell to induce misreading of .the genetic code (Ekholm et al 1962). The drug interferes with protein synthesis by binding to a ribosomal site and prevents attachment of aminoacyl t-RNA(Feingold 1963). There area few reports on the effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics to the pancreatic exocrine system which is one of the most active gland of protein synthesis in animal. Singh et al(1972) examined the effects of selected drugs on rat pancreas in vitro and observed that streptomycin increased amylase secretion while tissue contents of the enzyme were unaltered. Tucker and Webster(1972) reported that tetracycline hydrochloride interfered with process of secretion as well as synthesis in pigeon. Lee et al (1976) reported that amylase activity in pancreaticobiliary secretion was significantly decreased in streptomycin treated rat.

So far there has been few investigations on the effect of the aminoglycoside antibiotics on the pancreatic exocrine system. Present study was designed to determine the effects of several aminoglycosides on amylase secretion in pancreatic slices of chick in vitro.

Chick was sacrificed by head blow and the pancreas was removed. The gland was cut into pieces weighing 100mg. These pieces were washed in oxygenated Krebs-Ringer-phosphate buffer solution (K-R solution, pH 7.4), and were transferred to flasks containing 3ml of K-R solution. An appropriate amount of the antibiotics was added to each flask, and the flask was incubate4 Under 100% of oxygen in a Dubnoff metabolic shaking incubator at 37℃ for 30 minutes. At completion of incubation, the tissue was homogenized with gloss homogenizer. Amylase activity of medium and tissue were assayed, and protein content were determined on tissue

homogenate. Cyclic nucleotides of pancreatic slices were also determined. The media after incubation with or without antibiotics were analyzed by isoelectric focusing.

The following is the summary of results obtained from the experiment:

1. There was no difference in the amylase activities excreted into medium by the slices obtained from various parts of the pancreas, i.e. from head to tail.

2. Amylase activity of the incubated medium was significantly increased in the group treated wish low dose of streptomycin, kanamycin, aminosiaine, kanendomycin and vistamycin.

3. In the group treated with high dose, amylase activity was increased more, except in kanamycin and kanendomycin.

4. The tissue content of amylase were not changed in treated or untreated group. There was no significant finding in cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP level.

5. Isoelectric focusing patterns on the medium incubated with antibiotics and pancreozymin were similar with respect to the number of protein bands.

The present experiments demonstrated that aminoglycoside antibiotics increased amylase release without changes of amylase content in tissue. and suggested that aminoglycoside might change the membrane pattern of acinar cell and stimulate to release non-specific protein other than amylase. The mechanism of these effects are yet to be determined.
Full Text
https://ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/catalog/search/book-detail/?cid=CAT000000044824
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Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Internal Medicine (내과학교실) > 3. Dissertation
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Sung Kyu(김성규)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/126866
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