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환경교육효과에 관한 조사연구 : 환경교육 시범 초·중학교를 중심으로

Authors
 신양수 
Issue Date
1993
Description
환경관리학과/석사
Abstract
[한글]

오늘날 환경문제는 인구의 급증과 도시집중, 산업발전 등으로 인해 국내문제뿐만 아니라 전지구적인 차원의 문제로 확산되고 있으며, 특히 환경에 대한 영향을 충분히 고려하지 않은 환경환리로 인하여 발생하는 환경문제는 인류의 중요한 관심사가 되고 있다.

환경문제를 해결하기 위해서는 인간 개개인의 인식과 행동수정이 매우 중요한데 이러한 개인적 인식과 행동수정은 교육의 힘에 의해 이를 수 있다는 믿음을 갖는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 환경처에서 시행했던 환경교육시범학교 운영전후의 효과를 파악고자

하였다.

본 연구는 학교 환경교육 관현 국내외 책자 및 1987년-1992년도에 환경교육시범학교로지정 운영되었던 국민학교 5개교(학생 3020명, 학부모 1310명), 중학교 5개교(학생 5452명, 학부모 3632명)에 대한 시범학교 운영보고서의 설문내용을 중심으로 5개지역(서울,부산, 충청, 강원, 전남)으로 나누어서 인식도, 관심도, 실천도로 구분하여 그 결과를 T-TEST통계처리하여 교육효과를 파악하였다.

본 연구의 결론으로 다음의 결과를 얻었다.

첫째, 환경교육시범학교 운영전, 후의 교육효과, 지역간의 교육효과 차이, 국민학교,중학교에서의 교육효과 차이, 학생, 학부모간의 교육효과 차이는 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다.

둘째, 환경교육시범학교 교육효과는 국민학교의 대상학생에서는 인식도, 관심도, 실천도 등에서 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났으나, 대상학부모에서는 통계적으로 유의하게 나타나지 않았다.

셋째, 환경교육시범학교 교육효과는 중학교의 대상학생에서는 인식도, 실천도등에서 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났으나, 관심도는 통계적으로 유의하게 나타나지 않았다.

넷째, 환경교육시범학교 효과 측면을 볼때 중학교의 효과보다 전반적으로 국민학교의교육효과가 상대적으로 높게 나타났는데 이는 기본적인 의식수준의 차이, 교육을 받아들일 수 있는 조건의 차이 이를테면 입시문제, 각종 시험관계로 인한 여건조성의 부족 등에

따른 것으로 판단된다.

다섯째, 환경교육시범학교 운영에 따른 교육효과는 국민학교 및 중학교 학생들의 환경에 대한 의식변화가 인식도, 관심도, 실천도 전반에 걸쳐 향상되었으며, 학생들의 의식변화 수준만큼 타부모의 의식수준도 향상됨을 알 수 있다.

여섯째, 대상지역별 기본 의식수준은 대체적으로 농촌지역 보다 도시지역, 공단지역 등이 높게 나타났으며 이로인한 교육효과는 상대적으로 농촌지역은 높게 도시, 공단지역은낮게 나타났다. 따라서 기본적 의식수준이 높은 지역에 대한 교육효과를 극대화하려면 지역 의식수준에 맞는 새로운 교육방법이 모색되어야할 것이다.

일곱째, 교육효과를 높일 수 있는 방안으로 지역적인 특성을 고려하여 학생및 학부모가 공감할 수 있고 실천할 수 있는 관심있는 주제를 선택하여야할 것이다. 또한 교과내용위주의 학습보다는 교과내용을 기초로한 현장조사, 흥미를 유발할 수 있는 현장 프로그램

등으로 전환하여야할 것이다.

이러한 결과를 비추어 볼때 우리나라의 학교환경교육은 학생 및 학부모에까지 교육의효과로 인한 환경보전의식의 고취가 이뤄지도록 해야하고, 교육의 방법 및 내용의 개선으로 교육의 효과를 더옥 높일수 있어야 할 것이다.

그러기 위해서 다음의 몇가지 제안을 하고자 한다.

첫째, 현행 실시되고 있는 환경교육시범학교을 확대 운영하여 적극적인 환경오염의 예방을 기할 수 있어야 하며,

둘째, 환경교육시범학교 지정 및 지원사항에서의 문제점, 특히 지원사항 등에서 지원비의 부족 등으로 보다 생동감 있는 현장실습 등의 교육의 확대로 인한 환경보전의식을 함양하여야 할 것이다.

셋째, 환경교육시범학교 교육에 있어서 국민학교,중학교의 대상학생,학부모등의 연계성있는 교육의 효과가 있는것으로 나타났으나, 대도시 지역일수록, 연령이 높을수록 교육의

효과가 감소하는 추세로 나타났으며, 이에 대한 대안으로서 지속적인 교육이 이뤄질 수있는 현장견학, 학습관 및 시청각교재의 활용 등 적극적인 교육방법을 개발하여야 할 것이다.

넷째, 1985년부터 1992년까지 운영되어온 환경교육 시범학교 운영에 있어서 8년이라는긴 기간동안 대상 지정학교가 32개교 밖에 이르지 못해 환경교육시범학교 교육의 확대가이뤄져야 할 것이다.

다섯째, 환경교육시범학교 운영전, 운영후의 교육의 효과를 정확히 파악하여 이에 대한 교육의 효과를 긍정적인 방향으로 검토하여 현재 이를 시행하지 않는 일반 학교에 환경교육시범학교의 교육방법 및 교육내용을 전파하여 우리나라 환경교육의 틀을 정립하여야할 것이다.



[영문]

Nowaday environmental problems, due to population explosion, population concentration in cities, industrial development, etc., are being diffused not only as a domesitic problem but also as a global problem. Environmental problems specially generated by environmental control or management without any consideration of environmental problems become now a very significant concern of

mankind.

So, it is deemed to be important that in order to solve such environmental problems, each individual's recognition and behavior concerning environment must be adjusted. And it is worthwhile to have confidence that kind of adjustment can be

achieved by virture of education.

Accordingly, in the present study, it was intended to find out the effect of a environmental education model school which has been operated by the Ministry of Environment in terms of the effect of environmental operation before and after its operation.

This study is based and depends on some deferential books concerning environmental education and the reports from the operation of environmental education model schools 5 elementary schools (3020 students and whose 1310 parents) and 5 middle schools(5452 students and whose 3632 parents) which were operated from 1987 to 1992.

The data collection through some qustionaires in the reports were devided into 5 lesions (Seoul, Pusan, Chungchong, Kangwon, Chonnam) and classified into cognitive degree, concerning degree and practice degree. And then the contents of qestionaires were statistically analysed through F-test and the effect was reviewed.

Findings from such a study are as follows:

First, it appeared that there is statistically a significant difference in the effect of operation of an environmental education model school, in the effect of operation in terms of regions, in the effect of operation of the elementary school

and middle school, in the effect of operation in terms of environmental opinions between students and parents.

Second, it appeared that regarding the effect of operation oi an environmental preservation model school, there is statistically a significant difference in elementary school students' environmental cognitive degree, concerning degree, and

practical degree, but no significant difference in their parents' environmental cognitive degree, concerning degree, and practical degree,

Third, it appeared that regarding the effect of operation of an environmental education model school, there is statistically a significant difference in middle school students' cognitive degree and practical degree,however no significant difference in concerning degree.

Fourth, in the aspect of the effect of an environmental educaiton model school, since the effect of operation of an elementary schoolappears higher than the effect of operation of a middle school, it isdeemed that such a result comes from the

differecne of the level of environmental awareness between elementary school students and middle school students, and the educational conditions of middle school students such as their problem of high school entrance exam, various tests, etc..

Fifth, it was understood that regarding the effect of environmental edcuation, both elementary school students and middle school students have been improved of their environmental cognitive degree, concerning degree, and practical degree, and

their parents have been also improved of their environmental cognitive degree, concerning degree, and practical degree as much as the students are improved of such aspects.

Sixth, it appeared that regarding the level of environmental awareness between city areas and rural areas, the students or their parents residing in a city area or industrial complex show more concern about the environmental problems than those

residing in a rural area, and however, regarding the effect of environmental education, rural areas had higher effect in such education than city areas, Therefore, in order to maximize the effect of environmental education in the area where the basic level of awareness is high, a new kind of educational method should be developed, which meets the regional level of awareness.

Seventh, for a plan to heighen the effect of education, it is deemed that some interesting themes of environmental education should be arranged in education, which consider regional characteristcs, can be sympathized and practised both by

students and parents. And it is also deemed that environmental education should be directed to the site inspection based on the contents of the environmental textbook, the site programs which cause interest, etc. rather than the education centered on the contents of the textbook.

In the light of the findings or suggestions reviewed so far, the environmental education in schools should be the one that can heighten the awareness of the importance of environmental preservation both in students and parents, and through the improvement of the methods of environmental education and the contents of such education, the effect of such education should be raised. For the plans of it, some directions are suggested as follows:

First, the number of the environmental education model schools now in practice should be increased, and thereby the positive prevention of environmental pollution should also be intended.

Second, the awareness of environmental preservation should be cultivated through the extension of more animated site practice with more environmental education model schools appointed, and sufficient financial support provided as well.

Third, though there appears the effect of environmetal education both in students and their parents, it appears that the bigger the city in which environmental eduation is practiced is and the older the student who gets such education is, the lower the effect of such education is. Therefore, in order to heighten the effect of such education, it isdeemed that some positive methods of environmental education such as continuous site practice and utilization of environmental education facilities, audivisual materials, etc. should be developed.

Fourth, in the light of a little development of 32 environmental education model schools appointed or establshed for 8 years from 1985 to 1992, it is considered that there should be more such kind of school establshed or appointed.

Fifth, with the effect of environmental education before and after the operation of the environmental education model school precisely understood, findings from such a study of effect should be more positively reviewed, and thereby the effective methods and contents of environmental education should be spreaded in a

nationwide scale and the education of environmental education at home should be refined and theorized.
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https://ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/catalog/search/book-detail/?cid=CAT000000045746
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4. Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > 2. Thesis
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https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/124396
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