한국 청소년기 남녀의 성성숙도에 따른 성장 발달 상태

Abstract

[한글]

청소년기는 신체적, 정신적, 사회적으로 성숙하는 시기이며, 소아에서 성인으로 이행하는 중요한 시기이다. 이 시기에는 신장의 급성장과 체증 증가 그리고 이차 성징의 특징적인 신체 변화가 일어난다. 그러나 같은 연령의 청소년 중에서도 성숙의 변화에 따라 성장

의 현저한 차이를 관찰할 수 있기 때문에 성성숙의 정도를 평가하는 것이 청소년기의 성장을 평가하는 데 필수적이다.

본 연구에서는 서울 지역, 중소도시 지역, 시골 지역의 국민학교 4학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지의 6,586명의 학생을 대상으로 Tanner 단계에 의한 성성숙도, 체중, 신장 및 체격 지수(body mass index)를 조사하여 한국 청소년기 남녀의 성장을 평가해 보고자 하였다.

신장의 경우는 남자에서는 11세에서 14세 사이에 연 평균 6.7cm의 급속한 증가를 보였고, 여자의 경우는 10세에서 12세 사이에 연 평균 6.3cm의 증가를 보여 여자가 남자보다 연령면에서 바른 것을 관찰하였으며, 성성숙도에 따른 신장의 성장은 남녀 모두 2-3 단계

사이에서 성장의 폭이 가장 컸다. 성성숙이 시작될 때부터 끝날 때까지 남자는 18.94 cm, 여자는 18.03 cm의 신장 성장을 보였다.

체중의 경우는 남자에서는 신장과 같은 시기인 11세에서 14세 사이에 연 평균5.5kg의 급속한 증가가 있었고, 여자에서는 신장의 경우보다는 늦은 11세에서 13세 사이에 연 평균 5.1kg의 증가가 있었다. 성성숙도에 따른 체중의 성장은 남자에서는 3-4 단재 사이에

서 성장의 폭이 가장 컸으며, 여자의 경우는 2-3 단계사이에서 성장의 폭이 가장 컸다.

성성숙이 시작될 때부터 끝날 때까지 남자는20.70 kg, 여자는 19.37 kg의 체중 증가가 있었다.

체격 지수는 청소년기 전기간 동안 점차적으로 증가하는 양상을 보였으며, 50백분위수에서는 9세부터 12세까지는 남자가 우세하였고 13세 이후는 여자가 우세하다가 17세에는 다시 남자가 우세하였다. 성성숙 기간 동안 남자는 3.24, 여자는 4.05의 증가 수치를 보여 여자가 남자보다 많이 증가하는 것을 관찰하였다.

이상의 결과를 종합하여 불 때 성성숙이 진행되는 동안 신장, 체증 및 체격 지수의 정상치의 변화를 보였으며, 이 지표는 사춘기의 성적 성숙이 진행되는 동안의 청소년의 성장 발달 과정을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다.

Physical growth according to sexual maturation of Korean adolescents

Hwan Gyu Park

Department of Medical Science, The graduate School, Yonsei University

(Directed by Professor Chang-Ho Hong)

Adolescence is the period in which physical, mental and social maturation occurs

and it is an important transit stage, changing from childhood to adulthood. This is

a period in which important changes occur physically such as rapid growth in height

and weight gain but significant differences in growth may occur for the same age.

Therefore, the degree of sexual maturation may be an important indicator in

evaluating growth in adolescence.

Six thousand five hundred and eighty six male and female students from grade 4 to

senior high from Seoul, district town and countryside were evaluated for sexual

maturity using Tanner staging, weight, height and body mass index and compared for

growth.

There was a rapid growth in height of 6.7cm in boys between the ages of 11 and 14

years and 6.3cm in height for girls between the ages of 10 and 12 years, showing

earlier growth in height for girls. Growth in height according to sexual maturation

showed the greatest growth during stages 2-3 for boys and girls. Boys grew an

average of 18.94cm and twirls an average of 18.03cm in height during the whole

sexual maturation period.

There was an increase of 5.5kg in weight for boys during the same age as for

growth in height, that is between 11 and 14 years of age. In girls, an average

weight gain of 5.1kg occurred between 11 and 13 years of age, slightly later than

that of growth in height. Rapid gain in weight occurred during Tanner stages 2-3

for girls. Total gain of 20.70kg for boys occurred during the whole sexual

maturation period while girls gained total 19.73kg.

Body mass index increased gradually during the whole adolescent period. It was

greater in boys during the ages of 9 and 12 years and greater in girls after the

age of 13 years and again in boys after 17 years of age. During the whole

maturation period, boys gained 3.24 and girls, 4.05 of body mass index showing more

gain in girls.

Height, weight and body mass index showed normal variations during the sexual

maturation index showed normal variations during the sexual maturation period and

the results may bring an increased understanding that adolescent physical growth

was closely related to sexual maturation.

[영문]

Adolescence is the period in which physical, mental and social maturation occurs and it is an important transit stage, changing from childhood to adulthood. This is a period in which important changes occur physically such as rapid growth in height and weight gain but significant differences in growth may occur for the same age.

Therefore, the degree of sexual maturation may be an important indicator in evaluating growth in adolescence.

Six thousand five hundred and eighty six male and female students from grade 4 to senior high from Seoul, district town and countryside were evaluated for sexual maturity using Tanner staging, weight, height and body mass index and compared for

growth.

There was a rapid growth in height of 6.7cm in boys between the ages of 11 and 14 years and 6.3cm in height for girls between the ages of 10 and 12 years, showing earlier growth in height for girls. Growth in height according to sexual maturation showed the greatest growth during stages 2-3 for boys and girls. Boys grew an average of 18.94cm and twirls an average of 18.03cm in height during the whole sexual maturation period.

There was an increase of 5.5kg in weight for boys during the same age as for growth in height, that is between 11 and 14 years of age. In girls, an average weight gain of 5.1kg occurred between 11 and 13 years of age, slightly later than that of growth in height. Rapid gain in weight occurred during Tanner stages 2-3 for girls. Total gain of 20.70kg for boys occurred during the whole sexual maturation period while girls gained total 19.73kg.

Body mass index increased gradually during the whole adolescent period. It was greater in boys during the ages of 9 and 12 years and greater in girls after the age of 13 years and again in boys after 17 years of age. During the whole maturation period, boys gained 3.24 and girls, 4.05 of body mass index showing more

gain in girls.

Height, weight and body mass index showed normal variations during the sexual maturation index showed normal variations during the sexual maturation period and the results may bring an increased understanding that adolescent physical growth

was closely related to sexual maturation.