Effects of a long term use of combined and sequential oral contraceptive on the morphological and histochemical changes of rabbit's endometrium
Authors
황동훈
Issue Date
1969
Description
의학과/석사
Abstract
[한글]
"Effects of a Long Term Use of Combined and Sequential Oral Contraceptive on the
Morphological and Histochemical Changes of Rabbit's Endometrium."
Dong Hoon Hwang
Department of Medical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University
The ovulation inhibiting effect of progestins has been suspected even longer for
Beard in 1897, inferred that the corpus luteum suppressed ovulation during
pregnancy.
Progesterone was first isolated in 1934 by Allen and in the next years it became
known that progesterone, testosterone, and estrogen could each inhibit ovulation.
However, until 1954, these steroids were not of practical value as antifertility
agents in human beings, either because of undesirable side effects, or because of
lack of therapeutic effectiveness on continued theraphy.
In addition to the 19-nor steroids as orally effective progestogens, there has
emerged a new groups, 17-acetoxyprogesterone and its various derivatives.
Several of these compounds in the form of sequential or combined with estrogen
have also proved to be successful oral contraceptives.
An enormous amount of study has gone into the experimental animal trials and oral
contraceptives prevent pregnancy by action on other sites in the uterine body; the
endometrium, cervix, or fallopian tubes.
Here, it appeared prudent to study one of the targe organs of these agents, the
uterus or more specifically the endometrium.
Thus, this study concerns itself with endometrial morphological changes and
histochemical changes and carcinogenic effects of rabbit's endometrium following
administration of long term use of combined and sequential oral contraceptive and
endometrial changes after cessation of oral contraceptive.
The methods of study was as follows:
Out of 20 non-pregnant normal rabbits weighing from 1.6 kg to 2.2 kg, four
rabbits were enrolled in the control group and eight rabbits in the study of
combined theraphy group and eight in the sequential theraphy group.
In the study group, oral adult daily dose of the Eugynon(Ethinyl Estradiol 0.1mg
- Norgestrel 0.5mg) and Serial (Ethinyl Estradiol 0.1mg - Megestrol acetate 1.0mg)
were given to each rabbit for 6 menstrual cycles and 8 menstrual cycles and
sacrificed on each designated menstrual day of proliferative chase and secretory
phase.
The obtained materials of endometrial tissues were fixed immediately in neutral
buffered formalin and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for general endometrial
morphology, with Gomori's method for alkaline phosphatase and P.A.S. and
diastase-P.A.S. for mucosubstances in the endometrium without buffering.
The result of the study was as follows:
1. Out of the 20 non-pregnant normal rabbits, the endometrial morphological
changes and histochemical changes of endometrium were reviewed following
administration of Eugynon and Serial for 6 and 9 menstrual cycles and the
endometrial changes after cessation of oral contraceptives for 1 or 2 months.
2. In endometrium under the influence of combined therapy with Eugynon for 9
months, there was a marked stromal edema and moderate degree of stromal fibrosis,
showing atrophic, inactive secretory endometrium compared to Serial groups.
3. The endometrial changes after cessation of long term used of oral
contraceptive were returned to normal functioning endometrium progressively in both
combined and sequential groups.
4. the alkaline phosphatase activity in the glands was increased during the
proliferative phase, reached a peak during the early secretory phase and there was
no remarkable difference between the control and sequential groups except the
slight decreasing activity in combined groups.
5. The combined or sequential therapy produced little changes in the stained
mucosubstances during the various phases of the induced menstrual cycles as
compared to the control groups.
6. There was no evidence of anaplastic endometrial changes following long term
used of oral contraceptives.
[영문]
The ovulation inhibiting effect of progestins has been suspected even longer for Beard in 1897, inferred that the corpus luteum suppressed ovulation during pregnancy.
Progesterone was first isolated in 1934 by Allen and in the next years it became known that progesterone, testosterone, and estrogen could each inhibit ovulation.
However, until 1954, these steroids were not of practical value as antifertility agents in human beings, either because of undesirable side effects, or because of lack of therapeutic effectiveness on continued theraphy.
In addition to the 19-nor steroids as orally effective progestogens, there has emerged a new groups, 17-acetoxyprogesterone and its various derivatives.
Several of these compounds in the form of sequential or combined with estrogen have also proved to be successful oral contraceptives.
An enormous amount of study has gone into the experimental animal trials and oral contraceptives prevent pregnancy by action on other sites in the uterine body; the endometrium, cervix, or fallopian tubes.
Here, it appeared prudent to study one of the targe organs of these agents, the uterus or more specifically the endometrium.
Thus, this study concerns itself with endometrial morphological changes and histochemical changes and carcinogenic effects of rabbit's endometrium following administration of long term use of combined and sequential oral contraceptive and endometrial changes after cessation of oral contraceptive.
The methods of study was as follows:
Out of 20 non-pregnant normal rabbits weighing from 1.6 kg to 2.2 kg, four rabbits were enrolled in the control group and eight rabbits in the study of combined theraphy group and eight in the sequential theraphy group.
In the study group, oral adult daily dose of the Eugynon(Ethinyl Estradiol 0.1mg - Norgestrel 0.5mg) and Serial (Ethinyl Estradiol 0.1mg - Megestrol acetate 1.0mg) were given to each rabbit for 6 menstrual cycles and 8 menstrual cycles and
sacrificed on each designated menstrual day of proliferative chase and secretory phase.
The obtained materials of endometrial tissues were fixed immediately in neutral buffered formalin and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for general endometrial morphology, with Gomori's method for alkaline phosphatase and P.A.S. and
diastase-P.A.S. for mucosubstances in the endometrium without buffering.
The result of the study was as follows:
1. Out of the 20 non-pregnant normal rabbits, the endometrial morphological changes and histochemical changes of endometrium were reviewed following administration of Eugynon and Serial for 6 and 9 menstrual cycles and the endometrial changes after cessation of oral contraceptives for 1 or 2 months.
2. In endometrium under the influence of combined therapy with Eugynon for 9 months, there was a marked stromal edema and moderate degree of stromal fibrosis, showing atrophic, inactive secretory endometrium compared to Serial groups.
3. The endometrial changes after cessation of long term used of oral contraceptive were returned to normal functioning endometrium progressively in both combined and sequential groups.
4. the alkaline phosphatase activity in the glands was increased during the proliferative phase, reached a peak during the early secretory phase and there was no remarkable difference between the control and sequential groups except the slight decreasing activity in combined groups.
5. The combined or sequential therapy produced little changes in the stained mucosubstances during the various phases of the induced menstrual cycles as compared to the control groups.
6. There was no evidence of anaplastic endometrial changes following long term used of oral contraceptives.