Specific gravity of bile in the control group are slightly lower than
Occidentals. This is considered to be low cholesterol and cholate value in the
bile. All these data has suggested that the concentrating ability of bile has
markedly diminished in case of choledocholithiasis. There also noted compensating
dilatation of common bile duct in case of choledocholithiasis.
Ⅴ. Conclusions
1. The diameter of common bile duct was measured in 112 biliary tract diseases
patients. 10 cases of non-biliary tract disease were used as control. The diameter
of common bile duct, specific gravity and composition of bile were measured in 15
cases of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis.
2. There noted remarkable diminition of concentrating ability of bile in gall
bladder in cases of choledocholithiasis than cholelithiasis.
3. Some of these findings are considered to be very helful for differential
diagnosis of biliary tract disease pre-operatively or intra-operatively and by the
same taken.
It would be much help for surgical judgement.
[영문]
Ⅰ. Introduction
It has been recognized the incidence of common bile duct stones are more frequent in Koreans more than Occidentals in the reported series. this fact reported and emphasized by Dr. Ludlow from Severance hospital in 1930.
The present study is aimed to study the difference between gall bladder and common bile duct and composition of bile.
The representative theories on the gall stone formation could be summarized as follows
1) Stasis of bile flow
2) Infection of bile
3) Compositional change of bile
Nothing could be definitely stated in case of human patients.
Ⅱ. Materials and Methods
All subjects were admitted to Yonsei Medical Center and proved cases of gall stones in the various biliary tract by operation from January, 1967 to the end of August, 1969.
The diameter of common bile duct was measured in 112 cases. An additional 23 cases were studied on the pressure, diameter of common bile duct and bile composition of gall bladder and common bile duct. 10 cases thise who was not affected biliary tract dixease were selected as controls among those 25 cases. All
measurement of the common bile duct were made by compass on the immediate distal common bile duct to main cystic duct. Bile sample collections for chemical analysis were taken after measurement of pressure and diameter of common bile duct.
The pressure measurement of common bile duct was made by using water manometer which was connected with 3-way stop cock, 22-gauge needle was used to minimize the least leakage of bile after needle insertion. Bile studies were made for the analysis of bilirubin, cholate and its specific gravity. Specific gravity was
measured using Electric balance under the room temperature(18-20 degree in Centigrade).
Bilirubin measurement was made as follows.
0.2 ml. of bile was diluted up to 200 times with 0.1 N phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4 and it was read with spectrophotometer at 455 mu.
The measurement of cholate was made as follows.
0.2 ml. of bile was diluted up to 50 times with 0.1 N phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4 and 1.0ml. of the dilutes bile were mixed with 6.9ml. of 16N sulfuric acid and 1.0 ml. of frufural solution. the mixed solution were heated for 13 minutes with water bath(65℃) and then it was cooled down to room temperature. After cooling, the solution was mixed with 5.0 ml. of glacial acetic acid solution and it was read with spectrophotometer at 620 mu.
Ⅲ. Experimental results
(A) Observations on diameter of common bile duct were carried out into 4 groups.
The number of cases and its average values are as follows
It is difficult to measure the diameter and pressure of common bile duct under physiological conditions in human. Most of these measurements were made during operation or after operation through the T-tube.
Numerous reports were made on the diameter of common bile duct in Occidentals and the average value seems to be around 0.6-1.0 cm. there is none of these reports among Koreans.
The present study reveals that its average values are 1.0 cm among control cases.
there exists some propotional relationship between diameter and pressure of common bile duct in the present study. there are scattered report on the pressure of common bile duct after biliary tract surgery in the Occidentals. But it is actually
difficult to compare these data to present study due to different conditions.
Bilirubin and cholate values showed quite characteristic change in gall stone and common bile duct stone patients. The comparison data of bilirubin and cholate values between gall bladder bile and common bile duct bile according to experimental groups are follows.
Specific gravity of bile in the control group are slightly lower than Occidentals. This is considered to be low cholesterol and cholate value in the bile. All these data has suggested that the concentrating ability of bile has markedly diminished in case of choledocholithiasis. There also noted compensating dilatation of common bile duct in case of choledocholithiasis.
Ⅴ. Conclusions
1. The diameter of common bile duct was measured in 112 biliary tract diseases patients. 10 cases of non-biliary tract disease were used as control. The diameter of common bile duct, specific gravity and composition of bile were measured in 15 cases of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis.
2. There noted remarkable diminition of concentrating ability of bile in gall bladder in cases of choledocholithiasis than cholelithiasis.
3. Some of these findings are considered to be very helful for differential diagnosis of biliary tract disease pre-operatively or intra-operatively and by the same taken.