Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Associated with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome

Abstract

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by altered mental status, headache, vomiting, visual loss, seizure and reversible posterior subcortical white matter and cortex edema in brain image studies. It is often associated with malignant Hypertension and immunosuppression. We present a 30-year-old male with PRES. He was admitted to our hospital with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury (AKI). During the hospital course, he developed acute malignant Hypertension accompanied by visual loss and generalized seizure. Brain MRI demonstrated increased signal intensity with gyral swelling in cerebellar hemisphere, parieto-occipital cortex, and subcortical white matter area. Following aggressive blood pressure control and hemodialysis the patient recovered fully without any neurologic or visual complications. We report a case of PRES associated with AKI due to rhabdomyolysis.