Clinical features and predictive factors of coagulation syndrome after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric neoplasm

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Various endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)-related complications, such as perforation or bleeding, occur frequently. However, the clinical course of coagulation syndrome (CS) after ESD is not known. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical outcomes and predictive factors of CS after ESD for early gastric lesions.

METHODS: ESD procedures were performed in the typical sequence (marking, incision, and submucosal dissection). Four hundred and ninety-five patients with early gastric neoplasms were classified into two groups based on their clinical course after ESD: one group with post-ESD CS and the other with a normal clinical course. The clinical outcomes of the CS group were analyzed, and various clinical and pathological factors related to post-ESD CS were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses.

RESULTS: Coagulation syndrome occurred after ESD in 35 patients. In the CS group, the median period of inflammatory symptoms was 23.7 ± 12.0 h, and no blood cultures showed bacteremia. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a tumor size of more than 1.5 cm [odds ratio (OR) 5.99, P < 0.001], tumor location in the middle third of the stomach (OR 2.84, P = 0.005), and a procedural time longer than 45 min (OR 2.71, P = 0.033) were independent risk factors for this complication. All patients with CS presented with a favorable outcome, irrespective of antibiotic treatment.

CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that CS occurs with an incidence of 7.1% after ESD for gastric lesions, and the factors associated with post-ESD CS include tumor size and location, and procedural duration.