Fetus Prenatally Diagnosed with Lobar Holoprosencephaly Postnatally Diagnosed with Simple Hydrocephalus with Good Prognosis: A Case Report

Abstract

Hydrocephalus is ventriculomegaly caused by an increased pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain. As uncomplicated hydrocephalus rarely has fatal outcomes, it stands in contrast to other conditions associated with ventriculomegaly such as agenesis of corpus callosum (ACC) and holoprosencephaly (HPE), which must be diagnosed prenatally in order to ensure survival. Herein, we report a rare case of an infant whose prenatal ultrasound were suggestive of ACC and magnetic resonance image scans were suggestive of HPE; in postpartum, the infant was diagnosed with neither. Instead, the infant was diagnosed with simple congenital hydrocephalus and exhibits good prognosis.