Efficacy of Polynucleotide-Based Therapy in Atopic Dermatitis Management

Abstract

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by persistent itching, dryness, redness, and recurrent eczematous lesions, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and psychological well-being. Despite various effective conventional treatments, innovative therapeutic approaches that simultaneously provide anti-inflammatory effects and enhanced skin hydration remain essential. Objective: This case-series study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction, and safety profile of polynucleotide (PN)-based injectable therapies in patients with AD. Methods: Patients with clinically diagnosed AD underwent intradermal injections of PN. Treatment outcomes were assessed by comparing standardized clinical photographs taken before and after the PN treatment, focusing on improvements in erythema, skin thickness, and overall skin hydration. Additionally, patient-reported outcomes, including reductions in itching, discomfort, and treatment satisfaction, were evaluated. Results: Posttreatment evaluations demonstrated notable clinical improvements, including reduced erythema, decreased skin thickness, and enhanced skin hydration and elasticity. Patients consistently reported significant alleviation of itching and overall discomfort. Furthermore, high patient satisfaction and good adherence to treatment were observed, with no significant adverse events or side effects reported. Conclusion: This exploratory case series provides preliminary observations suggesting that PN-based injectable therapies may offer benefits for patients with AD, particularly in improving skin hydration, barrier function, and symptomatic relief. While positive outcomes were documented in all four cases, the absence of validated scoring systems, objective biophysical measures, long-term follow-up, and a control group limits the strength and generalizability of these findings. PN injections in this context remain off-label, and further prospective, controlled studies with larger, more diverse populations are essential to establish efficacy, safety, optimal dosing regimens, and durability of response.