Association of long working hours with visceral adiposity index, anthropometric indices, and weight management behaviors: a study of Korean workers

Abstract

Background Long working hours constitute a significant public health risk. They may induce psychological stress or lead to behavioral changes, which, in turn, can contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. This study investigated the association of working hours with visceral adiposity index, anthropometric indices, and weight management behaviors.Methods In total, 32 373 adult workers were included in this cross-sectional study. Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index (CVAI), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and body roundness index (BRI) were assessed. Weight management behaviors over the past year, including exercise, diet control, and medication use, were self-reported. Linear or logistic regression analyses were performed. Regression models were adjusted for sex, age, education level, income level, marital status, occupation type, and survey year.Results Among the sample, 19.4% of adults worked for >= 55 h per week. Compared to working 35-40 h per week, working >= 55 h per week was associated with higher values of 2.57 (95% confidence interval [CI:] 0.95, 4.19) in CVAI, 0.29 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.43) in BMI, 0.67 (95% CI: 0.29, 1.06) in WC, 0.47 (95% CI: 0.24, 0.69) in WHtR, and 0.09 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.14) in BRI, respectively. Working >= 55 h per week, in comparison with working 35-40 h per week, was linked to reduced odds of engaging in exercise for weight management (odds ratio: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.83).Conclusions Working hours are positively associated with CVAI, anthropometric indices, and a lower intention to engage in exercise for weight management.