Development and Application of Standard Codes for the National Exposure Surveillance System Utilizing Korea's Nationwide Exposure Database

Abstract

Background: The Work Environment Measurement Database (WEMD) is a valuable system for occupational exposure surveillance. However, its use is limited due to the lack of proper standardization of exposure-related variables. Hence, we developed a new standard process classification (SPC), standard occupation classification (SOC), and exposure condition category (ECOC) codes to establish an exposure surveillance system using the WEMD. Additionally, we assessed the feasibility of constructing a jobexposure matrix (JEM) using standardized codes. Methods: The SPC and SOC were reclassified based on similarity from an exposure perspective, using established codes refined through reviews by industrial hygiene experts. The ECOC codes were based on the conceptual exposure assessment model. Ten experts conducted a pilot project to evaluate the applicability of the newly reclassified SPC, SOC, and ECOC codes. Results: We developed 77 SPC, 82 SOC, and 12 ECOC codes, which were assigned to over 98% of the data by experts, demonstrating their practical applicability. A JEM linking industry, occupation, process, and exposure condition was constructed into an interactive dashboard based on expert evaluations, demonstrating feasibility and enabling better interpretation of exposure levels through user-controlled variables. Exposure levels varied significantly across ECOC groups, showing a clear linear trend with higher exposures in conditions representing greater exposure potential, such as proximity to the source and lack of control measures. Conclusion: The newly developed standardized codes are easily applicable by industrial hygienists and can be integrated into the WEMD, supporting its expected use as an exposure surveillance system. (c) 2025 Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Institute, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).