Infective Spondylitis in Adults: A Journey Through Diagnosis, Management, and Future Directions

Abstract

Infective spondylitis is a rare but potentially devastating spinal infection that requires timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment to prevent severe complications, including neurological deficits and spinal deformity. Despite advancements in diagnostic imaging, microbiological techniques, and antimicrobial therapies, clinical challenges persist because of the disease's insidious onset, varied etiologies, and increasing antimicrobial resistance. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current literature on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for infective spondylitis.