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Estimated dietary vitamin D intake and major vitamin D food sources of Koreans: based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | 심지선 | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-07-12T03:07:17Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2023-07-12T03:07:17Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2023-06 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 1976-1457 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/195505 | - |
dc.description.abstract | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to establish a database (DB) of foods containing vitamin D that were investigated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Sur vey (KNHANES), to estimate the dietar y vitamin D intake, to evaluate the dietar y adequacy of this intake, and to identif y the major food sources of Koreans that contain vitamin D. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study used data from the KNHANES 2016–2019. Individuals aged ≥ 1 year who participated in the nutrition sur vey (n = 28,418) were included. The dietar y intake was assessed by the 24-h dietar y recall method and individual dietar y vitamin D intake was estimated using a newly established vitamin D DB. Dietar y adequacy was evaluated by comparing the dietar y intake of the participants with adequate intake (AI) as defined by Dietar y Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) 2020. RESULTS: The average dietar y vitamin D intake for all the subjects was 3.13 μg/d, which was 33.1% of AI. Dietar y vitamin D intake was lower in rural residents, the elderly, and those with low income. The major food groups that contributed to the total dietar y vitamin D intake were fish and shellfish (61.59%), eggs (17.75%), meat (8.03%), milk (4.25%), legumes (3.93%), and grains (3.84%). The top 10 individual food items that contributed to the total vitamin D intake were eggs (17.44%), squid (8.5%), eels (7.44%), salmon (5.35%), mackerel (5.27%), anchovies (4.65%), yellow croakers (4.58%), pork meat (4.47%), soymilk (4.46%), and skipjack tuna (3.80%). CONCLUSION: These results show that the mean dietar y vitamin D intake of Koreans is lower than the reference AI level. Nutritional policies need to be put in place to increase the vitamin D intake of Koreans in the future. In addition, comprehensive research on all the sources of vitamin D, including intake of supplements and biosynthesis in the skin, is required. | - |
dc.description.statementOfResponsibility | open | - |
dc.language | English | - |
dc.publisher | Korean Society of Community Nutrition | - |
dc.relation.isPartOf | NUTRITION RESEARCH AND PRACTICE | - |
dc.rights | CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 KR | - |
dc.title | Estimated dietary vitamin D intake and major vitamin D food sources of Koreans: based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019 | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.contributor.college | College of Medicine (의과대학) | - |
dc.contributor.department | Dept. of Preventive Medicine (예방의학교실) | - |
dc.contributor.googleauthor | Ki Nam Kim | - |
dc.contributor.googleauthor | Jung-Sug Lee | - |
dc.contributor.googleauthor | Jee-Seon Shim | - |
dc.contributor.googleauthor | Mi Ock Yoon | - |
dc.contributor.googleauthor | Hyun Sook Lee | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.3.451 | - |
dc.contributor.localId | A02212 | - |
dc.relation.journalcode | J02402 | - |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2005-6168 | - |
dc.identifier.pmid | 37266120 | - |
dc.subject.keyword | NHANES | - |
dc.subject.keyword | Republic of Korea | - |
dc.subject.keyword | Vitamin D | - |
dc.subject.keyword | dietary intake | - |
dc.contributor.alternativeName | Shim, Jee Seon | - |
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor | 심지선 | - |
dc.citation.volume | 17 | - |
dc.citation.number | 3 | - |
dc.citation.startPage | 451 | - |
dc.citation.endPage | 463 | - |
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation | NUTRITION RESEARCH AND PRACTICE, Vol.17(3) : 451-463, 2023-06 | - |
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