Recent progress of robotic head and neck surgery using a flexible single port robotic system

Abstract

We performed robotic neck surgery through a transoral or retroauricular approach (RA) using the DaVinci SP and analyzed our experiences to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this system for performing RA neck surgeries. A total of 63 patients were enrolled in this study, consisting of 37 males and 26 females. All operations were successfully completed without significant complication in 63 patients with head and neck tumor. Using DaVinci SP, it is easy to insert three robotic arms into a long and narrow working space because all robotic arms and an endoscope are inserted through a single arm. Using the navigation function of the DaVinci SP, the endoscopic arm could be made into the shape of a "cobra" to secure proper visualization of the surgical site, which helps surgeons identify specific anatomic structures such as cranial nerve or vessels. We did not have any cases where robotic surgery was converted to open surgery due to severe bleeding or technical issues during surgery. The mean operative time was 207 min and the average hospital stay was 6.9 days. The time required for docking the surgical robot was within 10 min on average for DaVinci SP, which was much simpler and faster than that of the previous Si/Xi system. Based on our early experiences performing robotic head and neck surgery using the DaVinci SP, we confirmed that the system provided advanced technical advantages over the previous Si/Xi system in performing robotic surgery.