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공복혈당과 죽상경화증과의 인과성 연구 : Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis

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dc.contributor.author전수현-
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-20T02:34:25Z-
dc.date.available2021-10-20T02:34:25Z-
dc.date.issued2021-02-
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/185326-
dc.description.abstract배경 및 목적 : 세계 4대 만성질환 중 하나로 지정된 당뇨병은 많은 합병증을 동반하는 위험한 질병으로 여겨지고 있다. 당뇨병 합병증의 직접적 원인으로 작용하는 죽상경화증은 세포가 지속적인 고혈당 상태에 노출되었을 때 발생이 촉진된다. 기존 관찰 연구에서 당뇨병을 가진 사람들은 그렇지 않은 사람들에 비해 약 2배~4배 정도 죽상경화증이 일어날 확률이 높았다. 하지만 당뇨병이 없는 정상인 집단에서 공복혈당이 죽상경화증에 미치는 영향 유무에 관해서는 상대적으로 논란이 많다. 그래서 이번 연구에서 두 가지 표본을 통한 멘델리언 무작위할당 분석 방법을 이용하여 정상인 집단에서 공복혈당과 죽상경화증과의 인과성 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : MR-Base 플랫폼을 이용하여 당뇨병이 없는 정상인 유럽인 58,074명으로부터 공복혈당 관련 유전자 도구 변수들을 추출하였고, 추출된 도구변수들을 이용하여 멘델리언 무작위할당 분석을 수행하였다. 공복혈당과 죽상경화증과의 인과성 여부를 좀 더 명확히 규명하기 위해, 동일한 MR 분석 방법으로 당뇨병과 죽상경화증과의 인과성 여부도 알아보았다. 주요 MR 분석 방법으로 역분산 추정법 (Inverse Variance Weighted, IVW)을 이용하였으며, MR-Egger Regression, Weighted Median, Weighted Mode 분석법으로도 알아보았다. 민감성 분석으로 Single SNP 분석법, Leave-one-out 분석법을 이용하였다. 또한 최신 멘델리언 분석 방법인 Radial MR을 수행하여, 유전자 도구 변수들 중 이상치를 가지는 유전자 도구 변수 유무를 살펴보았고, 이상치를 갖는 유전자 도구 변수를 제거한 후, Radial MR 결과를 확인해 보았다. 연구결과 : 역분산 추정법(IVW) 결과를 통해 당뇨병이 없는 유럽인 정상인 집단에서 공복혈당과 죽상경화증과의 유의한 연관성은 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 공복혈당과 대동맥 죽상경화증과의 연관성 분석 결과는 OR=0.874, 95% CI 0.565-1.350, P=0.545 으로 음의 관련성을 보였고, 공복혈당과 말초 죽상경화증과의 연관성 결과는 OR=0.771, 95% CI -0.940-1.524, P=0.455으로 음의 관련성을 보였다. Radial MR을 수행하였을 때, 공복혈당과 대동맥 죽상경화증과의 관련성 연구에서 4개, 공복혈당과 말초 죽상경화증과의 관련성 연구에서 3개의 이상치를 갖는 유전자 도구 변수들이 발견되어, 이들을 제거한 후 Radial IVW 값을 살펴보았다. 공복혈당과 대동맥 죽상경화증과의 Radial IVW 값이 β=-0.116, P=0.416, 공복혈당과 말초 죽상경화증과의 Radial IVW 값이 β=-0.314, P=0.294 로 모두 P>0.05로 나와 정상인 집단에서 공복혈당과 죽상경화증과는 유의하지 않은 연관성을 가짐을 다시 한 번 확인할 수 있었다. 결론 : 당뇨병이 없는 정상인 유럽인들에게서 공복혈당과 죽상경화증은 유의한 인과적 관련성을 보이지 않았다. 이는 죽상경화증은 공복혈당 하나의 요소만이 아닌 식습관, 신체활동, 음주, 흡연 등으로 인한 후천적 요인들과 개인의 선천적 요인 등 다양한 요소들의 영향을 받는다는 것을 알 수 있었다. Background and purpose: Diabetes, one of the main chronic diseases globally is well-known for its diverse complications like cardiovascular, blood vessel, renal, eye diseases. Continuous hyperglycemic status for a long time is regarded as the main cause of Atherosclerosis, the direct cause of Diabetes complications. The causal association between fasting blood glucose and atherosclerosis has been studied a lot and many researches proved that they have positive association in diabetic patients. However, fasting blood glucose influence on promoting atherosclerosis in non-diabetic individuals has been a controversy issue and is not verified clearly yet. Many researches have tried to investigate the relationship of the twos by biological and biomolecular method using animal experiments, but it was hard to find the researches on the effect of fasting blood glucose on atherosclerosis among non-diabetic population using genetic methods like one-sample or two-sample mendelian randomization method. So we determined to investigate the causal relationship between fasting blood glucose and atherosclerosis in non-diabetic individuals by using Two-Sample mendelian randomization analysis through MR-Base Platform. Methods: We used the latest and large scaled GWAS summary data in MR-Base GWAS repository to perform two-sample mendelian randomization. To clarify the influence of fasting blood glucose in non-diabetic individuals on atherosclerosis, we investigated the effect of diabetes (sustained hyperglycemia status) on atherosclerosis in advance through two-sample mendelian randomization analysis. We used an exposure GWAS data conducted by FinnGen Biobank and published in 2020 for Type 2 diabetes. Another exposure data was conducted by MAGIC consortium and published in 2012 for fasting blood glucose in non-diabetic individuals. Total 10 Genetic instruments were extracted for Type 2 diabetes from 95,030 individuals of European ancestry and total 22 genetic instruments for fasting blood glucose were extracted from 58,074 non-diabetic individuals of European ancestry. And to draw more general and objective conclusion, we determined to look for the influence of fasting blood glucose on atherosclerosis of different lesions. So we selected 2 GWAS data as outcome data, the one on Large Artery Atherosclerosis and the other one on Peripheral Atherosclerosis. GWAS Data for the trait Large Artery Atherosclerosis was conducted by MEGASTROKE consortium and was published in 2018. And GWAS Data for the trait Peripheral Atherosclerosis is from FinnGen Biobank and was published in June, 2020. All the participants for the outcome, atherosclerosis are individuals of European ancestry. We implemented Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization analysis by using MR-Base Platform and investigated the Inverse Variance Weighted, the most robust method and also other MR Analysis, MR-Egger regression, Weighted Median and Weighted Mode. And We conducted Sensitivity Analysis, Single SNP Analysis and Leave-one-out Analysis. And we performed the latest MR method, Radial MR to detect outlier genetic instruments and checked the MR results after removing outlier SNPs if the outlier genetic instruments existed in the study. Results: We found that there is no significant association between fasting blood glucose and atherosclerosis in non-diabetic individuals based on the IVW method. (IVW of Fasting Blood Glucose and Large Artery Atherosclerosis : OR=0.874, 95% CI 0.565-1.350, P=0.545. IVW of Fasting Blood Glucose and Peripheral Atherosclerosis : OR=0.771, 95% CI -0.940-1.524, P=0.455). When we performed Radial MR method, we found that there are 4 outlier SNPs for the trait of Large Arthery Atherosclerosis and 3 outlier SNPs for the trait Peripheral Atherosclerosis. We looked for the MR Results again after removing these outlier genetic instruments, we also found that there is no significant effect of fasting blood glucose on atherosclerosis, too. (Radial MR IVW of Fasting Blood Glucose and Large Artery Atherosclerosis : β=-0.116, P=0.416. Radial MR IVW of Fasting Blood Glucose and Peripheral Atherosclerosis : β=-0.314, P=0.294) Conclusion: We can make a conclusion that there is no significant influence of fasting blood glucose on atherosclerosis in non-diabetic individuals of European ancestry. This finding shows that atherosclerosis is affected by not only single factor of fasting blood glucose but also acquired factors like dietary habit, physical activity, smoking, alcohol habit and personal heredity factors. And it is considered that atherosclerosis is preventable enough when we are in normal status of glucose level.-
dc.description.statementOfResponsibilityopen-
dc.publisher연세대학교-
dc.rightsCC BY-NC-ND 2.0 KR-
dc.title공복혈당과 죽상경화증과의 인과성 연구 : Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis-
dc.title.alternativeThe Causal Relationship between Fasting Blood Glucose and Atherosclerosis : Two Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.contributor.collegeGraduate School of Public Health (보건대학원)-
dc.contributor.departmentGraduate School of Public Health (보건대학원)-
dc.description.degree석사-
dc.contributor.alternativeNameJeon, Soohyun-
dc.type.localThesis-
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4. Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > 2. Thesis

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