Free-Breathing Motion-Corrected Single-Shot Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery Late-Gadolinium-Enhancement Imaging: A Prospective Study of Image Quality in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Objective: Motion-corrected averaging with a single-shot technique was introduced for faster acquisition of late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging while free-breathing. We aimed to evaluate the image quality (IQ) of free-breathing motion-corrected single-shot LGE (moco-ss-LGE) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Materials and Methods: Between April and December 2019, 30 patients (23 men; median age, 48.5; interquartile range [IQR], 36.5-61.3) with HCM were prospectively enrolled. Breath-held single-shot LGE (bh-ss-LGE) and free-breathing mocoss-LGE images were acquired in random order on a 3T MR system. Semi-quantitative IQ scores, contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs), and quantitative size of myocardial scar were assessed on pairs of bh-ss-LGE and moco-ss-LGE. The mean +/- standard deviation of the parameters was obtained. The results were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The moco-ss-LGE images had better IQ scores than the bh-ss-LGE images (4.55 +/- 0.55 vs. 3.68 +/- 0.45, p < 0.001). The CNR of the scar to the remote myocardium (34.46 +/- 11.85 vs. 26.13 +/- 10.04, p < 0.001), scar to left ventricle (LV) cavity (13.09 +/- 7.95 vs. 9.84 +/- 6.65, p = 0.030), and LV cavity to remote myocardium (33.12 +/- 15.53 vs. 22.69 +/- 11.27, p < 0.001) were consistently greater for moco-ss-LGE images than for bh-ss-LGE images. Measurements of scar size did not differ significantly between LGE pairs using the following three different quantification methods: 1) full width at half-maximum method; 23.84 +/- 12.88% vs. 24.05 +/- 12.81% (p = 0.820), 2) 6-standard deviation method, 15.14 +/- 10.78% vs. 15.99 +/- 10.99% (p = 0.186), and 3) 3-standard deviation method; 36.51 +/- 17.60% vs. 37.50 +/- 17.90% (p = 0.785). Conclusion: Motion-corrected averaging may allow for superior IQ and CNRs with free-breathing in single-shot LGE imaging, with a herald of free-breathing moco-ss-LGE as the scar imaging technique of choice for clinical practice.