Role of Biomarkers in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Abstract

The aim of this review was to identify the utility of biomarkers used in the diagnosis and the monitoring and treatment of Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). JIA is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by arthritis of unknown etiology that lasts for at least 6 weeks, with onset before the age of 16 years. Unlike adult rheumatoid arthritis, JIA is a heterogeneous arthritis with different subtypes. The diagnosis of JIA is based on clinical evaluation and often involves ruling out other causes of arthritis. Many biomarkers have been studied or are under development to define the classifications of JIA, assess disease activity, predict disease course, treatment response, or the risk of relapse. The diagnostic and prognostic use of biomarkers in JIA could be applied differently depending on diverse subtypes or individuals. To obtain the best clinical outcomes in JIA, it is important to understand the pathophysiology of each JIA subtype and to select and use appropriate biomarkers.