노인의 동거 형태 변화가 주관적 삶의 질 변화에 미치는 영향

Abstract

Research Background One of the most notable changes in the Korean family structure in recent years is the increase in single households. This ratio is expected to continue to increase to account for 36.3% of all households by 2045. This trend is the same for all age groups, but the elderly are much more likely to be single households than other age groups. In addition, according to previous studies, elderly people experience involuntary changes in their Type of households, which shows that they have a major impact on quality of life. However, there is a lack of research on the subjective quality of life of elderly people using repeated measures of data. This study intends to become a basis for solving the problem of improving the quality of life of the elderly. Subject and Method Data from the aging research panel survey from 2006 (1st) to 2016 (6th) were used. Dependent variable is change in subjective quality of life and the main independent variable is living type change. We examined demographic, health, lifestyle, socioeconomic, and sociological factors that may affect the quality of life of elderly people. The generalized estimation equation is used considering the characteristics of repeated measured data. Research Result First, the general characteristics of the change of living types by year were examined. As a result, the ratio of multi-person households to multi-person households of all the surveyed years was very high at about 80%. On the other hand, the ratio of single household-single household or multi-person households-single household increased as time passed by. The percentage of the elderly who converted into single household- multi-person households accounted for 1~2% of the total households. Second, the analysis of the change of quality of life according to the changes in the living conditions was analyzed by the generalized estimation equation. For both male and female, in the case of all multi-person households being maintained, the case of single households the 오즈 of the quality of life decreasing was less than one, but there was no significant difference. In the case of changing from multi-person households to single households, although for male the 오즈 of quality of life decreasing was 1.1, there was no significant difference and in the case of females, the 오즈 of the quality of life decreasing was 0.79 to show significant difference. Third, the affect of each independent variable was analyzed in detail. The worse the subjective health status and the less social participation, the 오즈 of qualify of life being low when changing from multi-person households to single households was bigger than 1 and the more one exercised the recommend level and had higher academic background, the 오즈 of the quality of life being low when changing to multi-person households-single households was less than 1. Conclusion Many previous studies report an increase in the number of elderly people. However, according to the results of this study, the change of quality of life according to the change of the type of households was accepted differently according to gender or various factors. This suggests that the changes in the household type of the elderly cannot be attributed to involuntary changes. Further research on the perception of the elderly and the life style of the elderly will be needed. In addition, there is a need for detailed and diverse research and policy support on various factors that affect quality of life, such as sex, income level, and health level.