전립선비대증: 노화에 따른 조직 변화의 다중 관련 요소

Abstract

The pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is still largely unresolved. Aging and androgens are the two established risk factors for the development of BPH in elderly men. The changes in prostate related with age is characterized by hypertrophic basal cells, altered secretions of luminal cells leading to calcification and inflammation, lymphocytic infiltration with production of proinflammatory cytokines, increased radical oxygen species production that damages epithelial and stromal cells, increased basic fibroblast- and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta1) production leading to stromal proliferation, transdifferentiation and extracellular matrix production, altered autonomous innervation that decreases relaxation and leads to a high adrenergic tonus, and altered neuroendocine cell function and release of neuroendocrine peptides and increased vascular components. This review summarizes the multifactorial nature of prostate tissue change in elderly men with symptomatic BPH based on recent literatures.