Association of serum phospholipid monounsaturated fatty acid compositions and delta-9-desaturase activity with the early alteration of fasting glycemic status

Abstract

Association of serum phospholipid monounsaturated fatty acid compositions and delta-9-desaturase activity with the early alteration of fasting glycemic statusJae Seon ChoDepartment of Interdisciplinary Courseof Science for AgingThe Graduate SchoolYonsei UniversityObjective: Alterations in blood or dietary fatty acid (FA) compositions were associated with insulin resistance (IR) and the related metabolic disorder. However, few studies reported the association of serum phospholipid FA compositions with the early alteration of fasting glycemic status.Methods: Serum phospholipid FAs, desaturase activities, fasting glycemic and cardiome-tabolic parameters were measured in healthy subjects (n=1022, 30-69yrs). Study subjects were divided into normal fasting glucose (NFG) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG).Results: Among serum phospholipid FA compositions, total monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), oleic acid (OA;C18:1w9), dihomo-Ɣ-linolenic acid (DGLA;C20:3w6), delta-9-desaturase (D9D;C18:1w9/C18:0) activity and C20:3w6/C18:2w6 were significantly higher in IFG subjects than NFG controls. When study subjects were subdivided into 4 groups according to fasting glucose levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status, palmitoleic acid (C16:1w7) was highest in IFG-MetS and lowest in NFG-nonMetS. OAand D9D were higher in IFG-MetS than the other 3 groups. DGLA and C20:3w-6/C18:2w-6 were higher in MetS than nonMetS regardless offasting glucose levels. Hs-CRPs and 8-epi-PFG2a were higher in IFG than NFG regardless of MetS status. Ox-LDLs were higher in IFG-MetS than the other groups. Total MUFAs, OA and D9D positively correlated with HOMA-IR, fasting glucose, triglyceride(TG), hs-CRP and 8-epi-PFG2a. Palmitoleic acid positively correlated with TG and hs-CRP.Conclusion: Among serum phospholipid FAs, total MUFAs , OA and palmitoleic aicd, and D9D were associated with the early alteration of fasting glycemic status, which may be suggested as sensitive and useful markers for the early prediction of the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic diseases.