국민건강보험 지역보험료 체납요인 분석연구

Abstract

[한글]

본 연구는 2001년 9월 30일 현재 국민건강보험공단강남지사 지역가입자중 세대주를 대상으로 장기체납, 체납보험료, 체납기간에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고 보험료체납에 대한 대책을 마련하고자 하였으며 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다.

1. 연령이 증가할수록, 가족수가 증가할수록, 남성에 비해 여성이, 자가와 자동차는 각각 미보유자에 비해 보유자가 장기 체납할 확률이 낮았으며, 자격취득기간은 길어질수록 장기 체납할 확률이 높았다. 소득유형에 있어서는 소득이 없는 경우에 비해 소득을 보유하고 있는 경우가 소득유형에 구별없이 장기체납할 확률이 낮았다.

2. 전체 연구대상자중 체납자만을 대상으로 체납보험료에 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과에 의하면 남성의 경우에 비해 여성의 경우가 체납보험료가 적었으며, 가족수가 증가할수록 체납보험료가 줄어들었고, 연령이 증가할수록, 자격취득기간이 길어질수록, 자가 미보유인 경우에 비해 자가 보유의 경우가, 자동차 미보유인 경유에 비해 자동차 보유의 경우에 체납보험료가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 소득유형에 있어서는 사업소득만 있는 경우, 임대소득만 있는 경우, 임대소득과 연금소득이 있는 경우, 사업소득, 임대소득, 연금소득이 모두 있는 경우는 소득이 없는 경우에 비해 체납보험료가 증가하였으며, 반면에 연금소득만 있는 경우, 사업소득과 임대소득이 있는 경우, 사업소득과 연금소득이 있는 경우는 소득이 없는 경우에 비해 체납보험료가 감소하는 결과를 보였다.

3. 체납보험료의 경우에 있어서와 마찬가지로 체납기간에서는 연령이 증가할수록, 자격취득기간이 증가할수록 보험료 체납기간이 증가하였으며, 남성인 경우에 비해 여성인 경우가, 가족수가 증가할수록, 자가를 보유하고 있지 않은 경우에 비해 자가를 보유하고 있는 경우가, 자동차를 보유하고 있지 않은 경우에 비해 자동차를 보유하고 있는 경우가 보험료 체납기간이 감소하는 결과를 나타냈다. 소득유형에 있어서는 소득이 없는 경우에 비해 소득을 보유하고 있는 경우가 소득유형에 관계없이 체납기간이 감소하는 것을 알 수

있었다.

본 연구는 연구대상지역을 전국235개 지사중 한 지사를 선택했기 때문에 그 결과를 일반화하여 적용하는데 한계가 있겠지만 체납요인분석을 통한 징수율 제고방안을 모색하였다는데 그 의의가 있다고 생각한다. 보험료체납과 관련하여 본 논문에서는 몇 가지 변수들만을 살펴보았지만 그 외에도 보험료체납에 영향을 미치는 많은 요인들이 있을 수 있다. 향후 이러한 문제와 관련하여 이 분야에서도 지속적인 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

--------------------

핵심어: 보험료체납, 보험료장기체납, 체납보험료, 체납기간

[영문]

The purpose of this study was to analyse what factors affect long-term national health insurance premium delinquency, the arrears of premiums, and the term of arrearage by carrying out a survey on local insured householders at Gangnam Branch, National Health Insurance Corporation, as of September 30, 2001, and then establish countermeasures against premium arrears. Resultant findings were revealed, as follows:

1. The older the age of the subjects, the more their number of family members, in women than in men, in those who had their houses and cars than in those who did not, a lower rate of long-term arrearage was represented. On the other hand, the longer the term of the qualification obtained, the higher the rate of long-term delinquency. When seen from the perspective of different income levels, a lower rate was reflected of long-term arrearage in those subjects at a higher level of income than in those at a lower level, irrespective of the types of income.

2. As a result of having conducted an analysis of what factors had an effect upon the arrears of premiums on delinquents of all subjects, it was revealed that women showed less premium arrearage than men. Furthermore, the more the number of their family members, the less premium arrearage they showed; the older their age, the longer the term of their qualification obtained, in those who possessed their own houses than in those who did not, and in those who owned their cars than in those who did not, an increase was shown in the arrears of premiums. Moreover, when

viewed from the types of their income, an increase in the arrears of premiums was disclosed in those who had business income only, in those who had both lease income and annuity income, in those who had business income, lease income, and annuity income at the same time, an increase in the arrears of premiums was disclosed

rather than in those who had not income, while a decrease of the arrears of premiums was shown in those who had annuity income only, in those who had both business income and lease income, and in those who had both business income and annuity income rather than in those who had not income.

3. As had been the case with premium arrearage and the older their age and the longer the term of their qualification obtained, the longer the term of premium arrearage. In addition, a decrease of the term of premium arrearage was revealed in women than in men, the more the number of family members, in those who owned their own houses than in those who did not, and in those who owned their cars than in those who did not. From the standpoint of the types of income, those who had income indicated a decrease of the term of arrearage than those who did not, regardless of the types of their income.

Inasmuch as this study was only carried out on one of 235 branches through the country, it would have its limits in generalizing and applying its results, but it seems of much significance that this study groped for strategies for the

amelioration of premium collection rates by taking advantage of analysis of the factors influencing premium arrearage.

This study inquired into some variables related to premium delinquency, but there may be, besides, many other factors affecting premium arrearage. It is desired for more follow-up studies to be incessantly carried out of this field, especially of those subject matters like those of the present study.