4. 근무시 스트레스 요인에 따른 목, 어깨, 허리 통증의 차이에서는 업무량 으로 인한 스트레스가 클수록 목통증의 정도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며 (p<0.001), 인간관계, 근무조건은 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다. 그러나 각 요인들로 인한 스트레스가 높을수록 각 부위의 통증정도는 높았다.
이 연구에 의하면 근무시 작업동작 및 자세에서 허리 구부리기(각도, 시간)와 물건 들어올리기(무게, 시간)가 목, 어깨, 허리 통증 정도 모두에 유의한 변수로 작용하였음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 향후에는 신체자세와 근골격계 질환과의 관련성을 미루어 보아 이를 줄일 수 있는 예방대책이 마련되어야 하겠고, 근무환경의 개선 및 올바른 신체사용 원리에 대한 교육과 실천이 절실히 필요하다 할 것이다. 또한 근골격계 질환을 정확히 진단할 수 있는 도구의 사용과 인간공학적 작업 계측을 통해 근골격계 질환의 위험 인자를 좀더 명확히 규명하여야겠다.
[영문]The study was based on questionnaire and included 182 nursing officers in 3 military hospitals to investigate work-related factors of neck, shoulder and low back pain(LBP). The questionnaire dealt with individual and employee-related variables, work postures and working movements, and job-related stresses. The questionnaire were collected from 21th Oct., 2000 to 6th Nov. 2000 and the data were analyzed with t-test , ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient using SAS.
The results were as follows.
1. The prevalence of neck, shoulder and LBP among 182 nursing officers was 69.2%, 71.4%, 74.7%, respectively.
2. There was a significant difference between the severity of shoulder pain and work-places of nursing staff. However, the general characteristics such as years of continuous service, marital status, hours of household affairs were not significantly influenced on the severity of neck, shoulder and low back pain.
3. Postures and movements during working related to neck, shoulder, and low back pain were as follows;
1) Duration and amount of forward trunk bending, duration of arm elevation above the shoulder level, duration of lifting and the weight of lifted objects were significantly related to the severity of neck pain.
2) Duration and amount of forward trunk bending, duration of trunk rotation, arm elevation above the shoulder level, duration of lifting and the weight of lifted objects were related to the severity of shoulder pain.
3) Duration of standing, duration and amount of forward trunk bending, duration of trunk rotation and duration and frequency of lifting and the weight of lifted objects were related to the severity of low back pain.
4. There was a significant relationship between the severity of shoulder pain and work demands in job related stress. However, there was no significant difference according to level of interpersonal conflict, and working condition.
5. There was significant positive correlations among neck, shoulder and low back pain.
Above results suggested that forward trunk bending and lifting the heavy objects were significantly related to neck, shoulder and low back pain in nursing officers. The results indicates that the education for proper posture and movement in working places is need to minimize the work-related pain and musculoskeletal disorders.