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사람 배자기의 직장과 항문관의 형태형성에 관한 연구

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dc.contributor.author홍정-
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-20T05:39:31Z-
dc.date.available2015-11-20T05:39:31Z-
dc.date.issued1991-
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/117413-
dc.description의학과/박사-
dc.description.abstract[한글] 직장과 항문관은 소화관의 종말부이며,원시장관의 부분중 뒷장관으로부터 발생한다. 직장과 항문관의 주요 구조는 배자기중 형성되기 시작한다. 직장과 항문관의 발생에 관한 지식은 이 부위에서 나타날 수 있는 기형들을 진단하고 치료하는데 뿐 아니라 성인에서의 구조를 정확하게 이해하는데 있어서도 중요하다. 직장 및 항문관을 포함한 소화기계통의 발생에 관해서는 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔지만, 대부분은 그 결과를 객관화시킬 수 있는 방법이 없어 배자의 길이나 월경령을 기준으로 보고함으로써 여러 결과들을 비교 평가하는데 많은 혼란이 있어 왔다. 이러한 문제를 해 결하기 위해 제시된 발생기는 최근 인체 발생학 분야에서 활발하게 적용되고 있다. 그러나 직장과 항문관의 발생을 각 기에 따라 체계적으로 연구한 문헌은 거의 없으며, 대부분의 보고들은 발생기의 개념을 도입하지 않았거나 도입했더라도 단편적인 사실만을 보고하 였을 뿐이다. 이와 같이 사람 직장 및 항문관의 발생에 관한 연구는 아직 미약한 실정이며, 주요 논란점은 외배설강의 존재 여부, 비뇨직장중격의 출현, 발달 및 배설강막의 융합 시기, 배설강막의 파열시기 및 직장항문관 벽의 분화 등으로 요약할 수 있다. 국내에는 직장과 항 문관의 발생에 관한 연구가 거의 이루어져 있지 않다. 따라서 저자는 발생기의 개념을 도입하여 분류한 사람 배자 31예에서 삼차원 재구성 및 조직표본 관찰을 통해 직장과 항문관의 발생 과정을 연구하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 발생 12기까지의 배설강은 원시상태이었으며, 발생 13기∼14기에 중간신장관이 배설강으로 열림으로 인해 배설강의 구조적인 분화가 시작되었다. 2. 비뇨직장중격은 발생 15기에 출현하여 매우 빠르게 성장하여 발생 16기에 이미 상당한 정도로 성장되었으며, 발생 19기에 배설강막과 융합되었다. 3. 비뇨직장중격은 발생 초기에 배설강 양쪽의 외측벽에 존재하였던 비뇨직장분리선 주위의 중배엽을 잇는 평면을 메꾸는 방향으로 진행되었다. 4. 사람 배자에서 외배설강은 존재하지 않았다. 5. 항문막은 발생 20기∼23기 사이에 파열되었으며, 발생기와는 관계가 없었다. 6. 직장과 항문관 벽은 발생 21기에 확실히 구분되며, 배자기 말이 되면 항문기둥, 항문동 및 직장가로주름 등 직장과 항문관 점막의 일부 구조를 제외한 대부분의 구조들이 형성되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 직장과 항문관은 발생 13기∼14기에 배설강의 구조적 분화가 일어나기 전에 비뇨직장분리선에 의해 구분되기 시작하며, 발생 15기∼19기에 비뇨직장중격이 비뇨직장분리선 주위의 중배엽을 잇는 평면을 메꾸는 방향으로 형성되어 비뇨기계통과 구획된다. 직장과 항문관의 벽은 발생 21기에 확실히 구분되며, 배자기 말이 되면 점막의 일부 구조를 제외한 대부분의 구조들이 형성된다. The development of the anal canal and rectum in human embryo Jeong Hong Department of Medical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University (Directed by Professor Eui Ho Hwang and Assistant Professor Hyoung Woo Park) The rectum and anal canal is the most distal part of the gastrointestinal tract, and it is known to have developed and formed in the embryonic period. Congenital anomalies in these regions known as the imperforate anus or anorectal malformation are not uncommon with various clinical presentations and their anatomical stuctures are closely related with developmental stage during the embryonic period. Their morphologic classification depends on the basis of embryologic development and it is also important to understand the normal anatomy in adult. The classical knowledge about the gastrointestinal tract which included the rectum and anal canal was well summarized in the textbook of embryology which was written by Keibel and Mall in 1912. Many studies about the rectum and anal canal were reported thereafter, but confusions exists due to lack of absolute standard criteria. To solve such problems, developmental stage was contrived and developed with a long history by many authors and it is now commonly used in grouping of the embryologic development. It is deVries and Friedland in 1974 who first studied about the rectum and anal canal in hyman embryos using developmental stage. The author analyzed the development of the rectum and anal canal of 31 cases of human embryos which were classified with Carnegie stage, and observed its changes of morphology using three-dimensional computerized reconstruction and microscopic observations. The results are as follows : 1. The cloaca was primitive state until stage 12 and it started to differentiate as the mesonephric duct opened to the cloaca between stage 13∼ 14. 2. The urorectal septum appealed in stage 15 and it grew rapidly in stage 16 and fused with cloacal membrane in stage 19. 3. The urorectal septum grew along the plane between the mesodermal tissues around the bilateral urorectal cleavage line. 4. The external cloaca was not present in human embryo. 5. The anal membrane ruptured between stage 20 to 23 and it doesn't seemed to associate with devolopmental stage. 6. Layers of the wall of the rectum and anal canal could be differentiate each otter and most of structures were formed within its wall except anal column, anal sinus and transverse rectal folds in the end of the embryonic period. [영문] The rectum and anal canal is the most distal part of the gastrointestinal tract, and it is known to have developed and formed in the embryonic period. Congenital anomalies in these regions known as the imperforate anus or anorectal malformation are not uncommon with various clinical presentations and their anatomical stuctures are closely related with developmental stage during the embryonic period. Their morphologic classification depends on the basis of embryologic development and it is also important to understand the normal anatomy in adult. The classical knowledge about the gastrointestinal tract which included the rectum and anal canal was well summarized in the textbook of embryology which was written by Keibel and Mall in 1912. Many studies about the rectum and anal canal were reported thereafter, but confusions exists due to lack of absolute standard criteria. To solve such problems, developmental stage was contrived and developed with a long history by many authors and it is now commonly used in grouping of the embryologic development. It is deVries and Friedland in 1974 who first studied about the rectum and anal canal in hyman embryos using developmental stage. The author analyzed the development of the rectum and anal canal of 31 cases of human embryos which were classified with Carnegie stage, and observed its changes of morphology using three-dimensional computerized reconstruction and microscopic observations. The results are as follows : 1. The cloaca was primitive state until stage 12 and it started to differentiate as the mesonephric duct opened to the cloaca between stage 13∼ 14. 2. The urorectal septum appealed in stage 15 and it grew rapidly in stage 16 and fused with cloacal membrane in stage 19. 3. The urorectal septum grew along the plane between the mesodermal tissues around the bilateral urorectal cleavage line. 4. The external cloaca was not present in human embryo. 5. The anal membrane ruptured between stage 20 to 23 and it doesn't seemed to associate with devolopmental stage. 6. Layers of the wall of the rectum and anal canal could be differentiate each otter and most of structures were formed within its wall except anal column, anal sinus and transverse rectal folds in the end of the embryonic period.-
dc.description.statementOfResponsibilityrestriction-
dc.publisher연세대학교 대학원-
dc.rightsCC BY-NC-ND 2.0 KR-
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/kr/-
dc.title사람 배자기의 직장과 항문관의 형태형성에 관한 연구-
dc.title.alternative(The) development of the anal canal and rectum in human embryo-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.identifier.urlhttps://ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/catalog/search/book-detail/?cid=CAT000000005507-
dc.contributor.alternativeNameHong, Jeong-
dc.type.localDissertation-
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Others (기타) > 3. Dissertation

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