직업운전자의 건강상태가 교통사고에 미치는 영향 : 서울지역 택시 운전자를 대상으로

Abstract

[한글]

우리나라는 교통사고 발생률이 세계 제1위이며 계속 증가추세에 있다. 교통 사고는 인

적요인이 90%이상을 차지하므로 본 연구에서는 교통사고와 관계되는 건강요인을 파악하려

는 목적으로 서울특별시에 위치한 택시회사 운전자를 택시 보유대수에 따라 3계층으로 나

누고, 각 계층에서 무작위로 연구대상을 선정하여 1989년 4월 15일부터 4월 20일까지 총

6일간 222명을 조사하였는데 그중 교통사고 경험자는 70명이었다. 일차적으로 χ**2 - te

st를 시행하고 요인분석과 판별분석을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.

1. 조사대상자의 평균연평은 37.1세였고 30대가 134명(60.4%)으로 가장 많이 분포되어

있었다. 조사대상자의 월평균수입은 382,600원이었고 운전경력은 평균 75개월(1개월-300

개월)이었으며 10년 이하는 188명(85%)이었다.

2. 조사대상자 중 질병 증상을 호소하는 사람은 173명(77.9%)이었으며 그 중 위장계 증

상 호소자가 110명(49.5%)으로 가장 많았다.

3. 일차분석 결과 조사대상자의 일반적 특성, 직업 특성 및 건강특성 및 교통사고와 관

련된 변수는 연령, 교육수준, 주거형태, 월평균 수입, 근무시간 및 일수, 직업 및 가정만

족도, 건강우려도, 피로도, 약물복용, 음주운전, 질병유무이었으나 통계학적으로 유의하

지는 않았다.

4. 요인분석 결과 10개 문항의 건강특성이 질병상태, 피로요인, 흡연 및 음주운전, 시

력의 4개 공동요인으로 분류되었으며 이중 질병상태요인이 차지하는 비중이 가장 컸다.

5. 판별분석 결과 교통사고 판별의 정확도는 일반적 특성 요인이 68.9%, 건강특성 요인

이 70.7%, 교통사고 특성 요인이 99.6%이었다.

6. 일반적 특성과 건강특성의 요인 중 운전경력, 경제상태, 직업만족도, 질병상태 요인

이 교통사고를 판별하는데 통계학적으로 유의한 요인으로 선정되었다.

[영문]

Present status of the traffic accident rate in Korea shows the highest in the

world with its continuously increasing trend. The traffic accidents occupy 90% of

the human factor in all the factors to the causes of traffic accident. Thereby,

this study has its purpose in grasping some health factors related to traffic

accidents as studying on some relationships between health status and traffic

accident.

For the approach to this purpose, all the taxi companies located in Seoul area

were divided in three groups according to their number of possessed taxis, and then

soule subjected companies for a research were selected randomly, and total 222

drivers in those selected companies were questioned and examined from April 15,

1989 to April 20, the same year. And, 70 drivers among 222 ones had some experience

in the traffic accident. Firstly, X**2-test had been executed, then a factor

analysis and a discriminant analysis were executed as resulting in as follows;

1. Their average age was 37.1, and they are mostly in their thirties, numbering

134 drivers (60.4% of the all). Their monthly average income was 382,600 Won, and

driving experience in the average was 75 months(from a month to 300 months), and

188 drivers(85%) had less than 10 years driving experience.

2. The drivers complaining of their subjective symptoms numbered 173(77.9%) among

them, the drivers complaining of the gastroenteric symptoms numbered 110(49.5%) as

showing majority among the all complaining of the symptoms.

3. In a result of the primary analysis, variables related to traffic accident

among the general characteristics, professional characterist iris, and characterist

iris related to health between the drivers having nor experience of traffic

accident and the drivers having that experience, were subjected to age, educational

level, residential state, monthly average income, working hours and days,

profession and their satisfied degree at home, worrying degree on health, degree of

the fatigue, medication, drunken driving, and illness or not, but they were not

statistically significant.

4. In a result of the factor analysis, health variables through 10 questioning

articles which cause the traffic accident were classified into 4 common factors as

the state of illness, fatigue factor, smoking and drunken driving, and visual

acuity. The factor of the state of illness was the most contributable factor to

cause accident.

5. In a result of the discriminant analysis, correct prediction rate 68.9% in the

factors of general characteristics, 70.7% in the factors of health characteristics,

and 99.6% in the factors of traffic accident.

6. Among the factors of general characteristics and health characteristics,

driving experience, economical state, satisfied degree on profession, and state of

illness were selected as the statistically significant factors.