https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/168886 Sun, 28 Jun 2026 08:45:53 GMT 2026-06-28T08:45:53Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/212433 Title: Bioactive fibrous microwell platforms induce m1 macrophage clusters that enhance anti-tumor activity and T cell polarization☆ Authors: Choi, Juhwan; Hong, Yongpyo; Heo, Chungmo; Yeom, Eunji; Kim, Taehyeon; Moon, In Seok; Koh, Won-Gun Abstract: Engineering immune-regulatory microenvironments that direct macrophage function is central to advancing immunotherapies for solid tumors. Here, we present a bioactive fibrous microwell platform that integrates electrospun polycaprolactone/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PCL/PVP) nanofibers with photopatterned threedimensional confinement and sustained lipopolysaccharide (LPS) delivery, enabling the formation of stable M1-polarized macrophage clusters beyond conventional transient stimulation. The hybrid microenvironment guided macrophages into compact clusters while providing continuous pro-inflammatory cues. As a result, macrophages exhibited pronounced M1-like characteristics, including elevated inflammatory cytokine production, cytoskeletal and metabolic remodeling, and enhanced tumoricidal activity against breast and melanoma tumor models. Proteomic analyses revealed coordinated regulation of cytoskeletal, stress-response, metabolic, and translational pathways underlying this phenotype. Importantly, the macrophage-derived pro-inflammatory secretomes promoted cytokine-driven polarization of na & iuml;ve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells toward Th1-, Th17-, and effector-like phenotypes, forming a functional innate-adaptive immune cascade that contributed to robust tumor cell apoptosis. Together, these results establish the fibrous microwell platform as a versatile immunomodulatory system that couples macrophage programming with T cell polarization for enhanced anti-tumor immunity. Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/212433 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211969 Title: Analysis of skull base reconstruction methods in huge cranial-nasal communication defect: Bilateral reverse temporalis muscle flap and free flap Authors: Nuch, Kong Srey; Hong, Jong Won; Lee, Won Jai; Chang, Jong Hee; Kim, Chang Hoon Abstract: Background: Effective skull base reconstruction for huge cranial-nasal defects is critical to restoring function and esthetics and preventing complications, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and ascending infection. We introduced and evaluated two advanced surgical methods of reconstruction: bilateral reverse temporalis muscle flaps and free flaps. Methods: A retrospective review of 16 patients (11 males and 5 females) who underwent skull base reconstruction from January 2017 to December 2024 was conducted. Bilateral reverse temporalis muscle flaps or free flaps, predominantly anterolateral thigh flaps and one rectus myocutaneous flap, were used. Data included patient demographics, defect origins, pathological lesions, reconstruction methods, and postoperative outcomes. Results: Huge cranial-nasal defects resulted from benign tumors (n=3), malignant tumors (n=10), or mucocele/infection (n=3). The defect originated from the nasal cavity (n=12), and the cranium (n=4), with an average defect size of 23.8 +/- 9.3 cm2. Reconstruction was performed using bilateral reverse temporalis muscle flaps (n=6) or free flaps (n=10). Both reconstruction methods effectively prevented CSF leakage and ensured primary healing. Complication rates were comparable, with free flap reconstructions associated with fewer postoperative issues. There were no significant differences in operation times or hospital stays between the two techniques. Conclusion: Bilateral reverse temporalis muscle and free flaps were both effective for skull base reconstruction in patients with huge cranial-nasal communication defects. Bilateral reverse temporalis flaps provide reliable vascularization without microsurgery, and free flaps offer customizable volume. The reconstruction approach should be tailored to the defect size, donor site condition, and surgeon's expertise. (c) 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211969 2026-05-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/212478 Title: Associations of miniscrew length with long-term skeletal, dentoalveolar, and nasal airflow changes after miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion: A retrospective cohort study Authors: Choi, Eun-Hack Andrew; Noda, Mayu; Choi, Sung-Hwan; Cho, Hyung-Ju; Iwasaki, Tomonori; Cha, Jung-Yul Abstract: Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between miniscrew length and long-term skeletal, dentoalveolar, and nasal airflow changes after miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE). Methods: This retrospective study included 32 adult patients with successful midpalatal suture separation MARPE with either long (n = 15) or short (n = 17) miniscrews. Cone-beam computed tomography scans obtained at pretreatment (T0), postexpansion (T1), and follow-up (T2). Skeletal and dentoalveolar changes were assessed using 3-dimensional landmark analysis. Nasal airflow was evaluated using computational fluid dynamics (pressure-flow ratio and maximum airflow velocity). Between-group and within-group comparisons and correlation analyses were performed. Results: A significant time & times; group interaction observed for inter-processus zygomaticus width (P = 0.002), with the long miniscrew group showing greater skeletal expansion than the short miniscrew group (mean difference at T2-T0: 1.15 mm). No significant group differences in nasal airflow outcomes were observed at any time point. Significant long-term improvements (T2-T0) in pressure-flow ratio and maximum velocity were observed in both groups, exceeding the changes seen immediately after expansion (T1-T0). Correlation analysis revealed that baseline nasal airflow parameters were stronger predictors of functional improvement than the magnitude maxillary expansion. Conclusions: Among successful cases, MARPE with long miniscrews was associated with greater long-term skeletal expansion at the maxillary basal bone level than with short miniscrews. Although nasal airflow improved after MARPE, the magnitude of improvement did not differ by miniscrew length and appeared more related to baseline nasal functional status. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2026;169:654-70) Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/212478 2026-05-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/212564 Title: Phase IB/II Trial with Correlative Analyses of Doxorubicin plus Durvalumab Combination in Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma Authors: Yun, Kum-Hee; Sim, Nam Suk; Shin, Su-Jin; Lee, Young Han; Baek, Wooyeol; Han, Yoon Dae; Park, Ji Woo; Kim, Sang Kyum; Cho, Iksung; Jung, Inkyung; Mesirov, Jill P.; Rha, Sun Young; Choi, Seo Hee; Yoon, Hong In; Kim, Seung Hyun; Kim, Hyo Song Abstract: Purpose: This open-label, phase IB/II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of standard-of-care doxorubicin combined with durvalumab [a programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitor] in patients with advanced anthracycline-na & iuml;ve soft tissue sarcoma (STS) and identified patients who would most likely benefit from this combination treatment.Patients and Methods: This trial (NCT03802071) included patients with metastatic and/or recurrent STS not previously treated with anthracycline or a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. Phase IB assessed the safety and tolerability of doxorubicin [level 1 (75 mg/m2); level -1 (60 mg/m2)] in combination with durvalumab 1,500 mg once every 3 weeks until documented disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Phase II evaluated treatment efficacy, with the primary endpoint being the objective response rate (ORR).Results: As no dose-limiting toxicities were observed during the phase IB trial (n = 3), the recommended phase II dose was 75 mg/m2 of doxorubicin. Of 41 evaluable patients, 1 (2.4%) achieved a complete response and 12 (29.3%) achieved a confirmed partial response, yielding an ORR of 31.7%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.6 months, and median overall survival was 23.8 months. The most common treatment-related grade 3 to 4 adverse events were neutropenia (n = 23, 53.4%), thrombocytopenia (n = 6, 13.9%), and anemia (n = 5, 11.6%). In prespecified exploratory correlative analyses, absence of RTK-RAS pathway genetic alterations [hazard ratio (HR), 6.446; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.934-21.486; P = 0.002] and high PD-1 expression (HR, 0.214; 95% CI, 0.071-0.649; P = 0.006) were identified as independent predictors of longer PFS.Conclusions: Doxorubicin plus durvalumab combination therapy exhibited promising efficacy in advanced STS, with acceptable toxicity profile. Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/212564 2026-05-01T00:00:00Z