https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/168748 Wed, 13 May 2026 04:12:34 GMT 2026-05-13T04:12:34Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211915 Title: Glutathione-responsive milk-derived exosomes for safe and efficient sonodynamic cancer therapy Authors: Lee, Dae Gyun; Choi, Jun Hyeok; Gwak, Seong Jin; Cao, Thuy Nguyen Giang; Tram, Le Thi Hong; Rhee, Won Jong; Kim, Byoung Choul; Shim, Min Suk Abstract: The encapsulation of sonosensitizers in exosomes has emerged as a potent strategy to enhance the therapeutic outcomes of sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Recently, milk-derived exosome (MExo) has gained significant attention as a scalable and cost-effective alternative to conventional exosomes derived from cell cultures. In this study, glutathione (GSH)-responsive MExos were developed to facilitate the efficient intracellular delivery of sonosensitizers (chlorin e6, Ce6) into human breast cancer cells by leveraging their elevated GSH concentrations. GSH-cleavable diselenide bond-bearing fatty amine derivative (DSe) was incorporated into MExos to achieve GSH-responsive drug release in cancer cells. DSe-incorporated MExo (DMExo) facilitated the release of Ce6 in the reductive cytoplasm. This led to enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species after ultrasound (US) treatment. As a result, Ce6-loaded DMExo triggered significant cell death in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells upon US exposure. These results demonstrate that bioreducible MExo is a safe and effective carrier for efficient SDT against cancer cells. Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211915 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211955 Title: Comparison between genomic alterations in mouse, pig, and human through whole-genome sequencing Authors: Bae, Geon Hue; Kwon, Seong Gyu; Choi, Jeong-Woo; Hong, Joo Hee; Jeon, CheolMin; Cho, Areum; Shin, Jaeeun; Jun, Mee Sook; Han, Man-Hoon; Choi, Seock Hwan; Oh, Ji Won Abstract: Somatic mutations gradually accumulate as an organism develops and grows. These somatic mutations are not only associated with disease but also serve as important indicators: at the cellular level, they reveal the internal and external effects cells have undergone; at the organism level, they can reveal species-specific patterns. In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing on single-cell clonal expansion samples from various tissues of mice, pigs, and human cadavers. A total of 69 samples were analyzed, including muscle, skin, kidney, and other tissues. We compared the number of single nucleotide variants and structural variants across species and tissues, observing differences in the distribution and characteristics of these mutations between humans, mice, and pigs. Additionally, we performed mutational signature analysis to explore the genomic landscapes of these organisms. UV radiation-related mutational signatures were identified in human skin but not in muscle or other animal samples. Furthermore, two mutational signatures, catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer (COSMIC) single base substitution 5 and 40, were mostly present in mice and pigs, although their relative contributions differed. Through these results, we present several hypotheses for estimating species and tissue similarity using Ti/Tv (transition/transversion) ratio, diversity in the number of mutations in the same tissue origin, and the number of single-nucleotide variants is not proportional to that of structural variations. These comparative analyses of genomic alterations across species enhance our understanding of the mechanisms driving somatic mutation accumulation, offering valuable insights into the shared patterns of genomic alterations across species and their implication for animal disease models. Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211955 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211654 Title: Review of the Historical and Technical Development of DNA Based Single-molecule Force Sensors Authors: Vellampatti, Srivithya; Truong, Tham; Tran, Phuong; Le, Tram Thi Hong; Kim, Byoung Choul; 김병철 Abstract: Mechanobiology has evolved from macroscopic anatomical studies to a precise molecular understanding of how cells sense and respond to physical forces. While conventional tools like atomic force microscopy and traction force microscopy established the field, they often face trade-offs between force sensitivity and high-throughput spatial mapping in living cells. This review explores the transformative rise of DNA-based single-molecule force sensors, which leverage the programmability and defined physical attributes of nucleic acids to bridge this gap. We critically analyze the design principles and mechanical characteristics of four primary sensor classes: DNA duplexes, DNA hairpins, DNA origami, and DNA G-quadruplexes. Special attention is given to their fabrication and tuning for detecting piconewton-scale events. Furthermore, we highlight versatile applications ranging from dissecting cellular mechanotransduction to high-resolution bioimaging and biosensing. Finally, we discuss recent advances, projecting a future era of "mechano-medicine" where active DNA nanodevices profile mechanical phenotypes for diagnostic and therapeutic innovation. Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211654 2026-03-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211559 Title: Single Cell-Seeded Human Intestinal Organoids for Organoid Research Authors: Sim, Young; Kim, Ha Young; Jung, Gil Young; Axelrad, Jordan E.; Cadwell, Ken; Jang, Kyung Ku Abstract: Recent developments in organoid technology have enabled the creation of patient-derived intestinal organoids (PDIOs) that recapitulate the structural, functional, genetic, and epigenetic features of their original tissues. However, conventional passage-derived organoids inevitably yield heterogeneous populations in size and number, leading to inconsistent results even under identical conditions. To address this, a standardized approach, referred to here as "single cell-seeded PDIOs,"was established. In this method, mature PDIOs were enzymatically dissociated into single cells and seeded at a defined number into individual wells of a 96-well plate. This controlled seeding normalized the size and number of PDIOs. Compared with passage-derived organoids, single cell-seeded PDIOs displayed reduced inter-well variability in organoid numbers and intra-well variability in organoid sizes, which enables the determination of generation efficiency and improves the reproducibility of viability assays. Moreover, this platform is compatible with downstream analysis, including transcriptomic analysis and protein expression profiling. Collectively, this approach may enhance experimental consistency and provide a practical foundation for reproducible PDIO-based studies. Sun, 01 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/211559 2026-02-01T00:00:00Z