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Impact of social media use in static and dynamic functional network connectivity of social anxiety disorder

2026-04-14T07:23:12Z

Title: Impact of social media use in static and dynamic functional network connectivity of social anxiety disorder Authors: Kim, Hesun Erin; Kim, Byung-Hoon; Cho, Yesol; Ko, Yujin; Kim, Jae-Jin Abstract: Although social media use patterns are related to social anxiety disorder (SAD), their modulatory relationship with functional network connectivity (FNC) change remains unexplored. This study aims to address this question by utilizing static and dynamic FNC analyses. Using resting-state fMRI data from 45 SAD patients and 43 healthy controls (HC) across two acquisition timepoints (baseline, 2-month follow-up), we examined static and dynamic FNC. Standard region-of-interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis was performed for static FNC. Dynamic FNC was analyzed using sliding-window and kmeans clustering approach. Social media usage was differentiated between messaging (MSG) and social platform (SP) across four time-of-day segments. Influences of digital social behavior were assessed through correlation analysis. Patients showed decreased static connectivity within cognitive control networks, particularly involving the default mode network. Dynamic FNC analysis identified four brain states, with SAD showing altered temporal dynamics. Specifically, patients exhibited abnormalities in the temporal properties of State 1, characterized as an internally focused state linked to self-referential processing. Lowered State 1 occurrence at follow-up was associated with higher social media use-MSG use in HC and SP use in SAD. Greater SP use was related to increased engagements of an externally vigilant state (State 3) in SAD. Aberrant temporal properties in SAD illustrate difficulties disengaging from maladaptive self-referential processing and a propensity toward heightened sensory vigilance. Furthermore, social media use, particularly content-based SP, may modulate brain dynamics related to introspection and external processing among patients. The findings underscore comprehensive neurobiological underpinnings of SAD and impacts of digital social behavior.

Characteristics of subjective well-being and communication in individuals with social anxiety disorder assessed through virtual reality tasks

2026-06-09T07:46:10Z

Title: Characteristics of subjective well-being and communication in individuals with social anxiety disorder assessed through virtual reality tasks Authors: Cho, Yesol; Kim, Soomin; Kim, Eunji; Kim, Hesun Erin; Kim, Byung-Hoon; Kim, Junhyung; Kim, Jae-Jin Abstract: Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) have difficulty coping with social situations, resulting in a diminished quality of life. This study aimed to investigate subjective well-being and communication-related characteristics using virtual reality (VR) tasks. Twenty-eight individuals with SAD and 25 healthy controls performed VR subjective well-being tasks (recognizing experience-based problems, expressing a future self-based success story, and expressing strengths) and VR communication tasks (exploring the communication style, practicing functional communication, and expressing empathy). The SAD group reported lower anti-difficulty, resolvability, and strength utilization scores and showed lower communication score in response to all dysfunctional communication styles (placating, blaming, computing, distracting) than the control group. These results suggest that diminished quality of life in individuals with SAD can be measured in terms of subjective well-being and communication using VR tasks. Multiple training regimes, including repeated execution of these tasks, may be necessary to improve their quality of life.

Association Between Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A UK Biobank Cohort Study

2026-07-16T00:16:04Z

Title: Association Between Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A UK Biobank Cohort Study Authors: Lee, Jihei Sara; Heo, Seok-Jae; Myung, David; Kim, Chan Yun; Lee, Sang Yeop Abstract: center dot OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the severity of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in a large community cohort. center dot DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of a community-based cohort. center dot PARTICIPANTS: UK residents 40 to 60 years of age at enrollment of UK Biobank. center dot METHODS: The cohort underwent baseline examination from April 2007 to October 2010. We analyzed high-quality optical coherence tomography images and identified the presence of CKM syndrome. We explored associations between RNFL and CKM syndrome severity using multivariable logistic regression. center dot MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratios (OR) for having advanced CKM syndrome (stage 3 or higher) at baseline were calculated after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, intraocular pressure, education and socioeconomic status. center dot RESULTS: A total of 17,082 participants were included (mean age 57.63 +/- 7.66 years old, 56.8% females) in the study, and 15,892 participants (93.0%) had CKM syndrome stage 1 or higher at baseline. Advanced CKM syndrome was observed more frequently in the thinnest quintile of RNFL thickness (14.8%) in comparison to the thickest quintile (9.1%). A multivariate regression controlling for potential confounders showed that decrease in RNFL thickness by 1 & micro;m increased the risk of having advanced CKM syndrome by 2.4% (OR 1.024, 95% CI: 1.010-1.039, P = .001) at baseline. center dot CONCLUSIONS: Thinner RNFL is associated with advanced CKM syndrome in individuals without a previous neurodegenerative or ocular disease. Our findings suggest that RNFL may serve as a valuable marker for monitoring disease severity of CKM syndrome. Further research, however, is warranted to investigate the pathways linking RNFL and CKM syndrome and to validate RNFL as a prognostic marker for CKM syndrome in larger populations. (Am J Ophthalmol 2026;288: 173-181. (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.)

Clinical impact of local consolidative therapy in EGFR-mutant metastatic NSCLC: A propensity-matched multicenter analysis

2026-06-11T06:50:05Z

Title: Clinical impact of local consolidative therapy in EGFR-mutant metastatic NSCLC: A propensity-matched multicenter analysis Authors: Lee, Eun Hye; Kim, Mi-Hyun; Kang, Da Hyun; Moon, Jisu; Kwak, Se Hyun; Eom, Jung Seop; Lee, Jeong Eun; Kim, Chi Young; Chang, Yoon Soo; Lee, Sang Hoon; Kim, Eun Young; Lee, Chang Young; Cho, Jaeho; 문지수 Abstract: Objectives To evaluate the impact of consolidative surgery and radiotherapy (RT) on survival outcomes in patients with advanced or metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Methods This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included 864 patients with EGFR-mutant advanced or metastatic NSCLC receiving first-line EGFR-TKIs. Patients were categorized into EGFR-TKI monotherapy (n = 616), TKI plus surgery (n = 100), and TKI plus RT (n = 148). Propensity score matching (PSM) and overlap weighting were applied to balance baseline characteristics. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted mean survival time (RMST). Results After PSM, 97 matched pairs were generated for TKI versus TKI plus surgery and 148 pairs for TKI versus TKI plus RT. Compared with TKI alone, consolidative surgery significantly improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.36; 95% CI, 0.20-0.65; p < 0.001) and PFS (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.34-0.67; p < 0.001), with RMST gains of 10.7 and 10.6 months.Consolidative RT showed a trend toward longer OS (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39-0.93; p = 0.023)without significant PFS or consistent RMST benefit. Subgroup analyses showed surgery benefit in younger patients with good performance, lower metastatic burden, and no brain metastasis, whereas RT effects were heterogeneous. Conclusion In this real-world cohort, consolidative surgery combined with EGFR-TKI was associated with a clear survival benefit in advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC while the effect of consolidative RT was less consistent, highlighting the importance of careful patient selection and multidisciplinary management.