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지역의료접근성이 보건진료소 업무수행 행태에 미치는 영향

Other Titles
 Effects of Accessibility of Local Health Care System on Work Performance of Primary Health Care Posts 
Authors
 김영준 
College
 Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) 
Department
 Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) 
Degree
석사
Issue Date
2022-02
Abstract
According to the Act on Special Measures for Health and Medical Care in Rural Areas, primary health care posts have played a significant role in improving resident’s quality of life in medically vulnerable areas. It has been 40 years since the primary health care post was implemented. Since many changes have occurred such as accessibility of health care system is improved in regions where the primary health care posts are currently located, proportion of the elderly who are over 65 years old is increased, and chronic disease management demand is required, it is time to think about their new various roles by escaping from a central role in providing primary health care. This study is to research whether accessibility of local health care system in which primary health care posts exists has correlation with work performance of primary health care posts by using the contents of the 2019 health clinic operation status report, reported by each local government to the Ministry of Health and Welfare. This study selected nationwide 1,903 primary health care posts out of 1,904 centers except for only one center where it is difficult to check operation data. It utilized SAS version 9.4 as a statistical analysis. It set criteria depending on 1,205 administrative Dong, where the primary health care posts are located, and it implemented descriptive analysis in order to identify their work performance by each size and features. It conducted variance analysis in order for significance test results. In order to confirm the correlation between the medically vulnerable areas and the number of cases of primary health cares, it set these vulnerable areas as a standard control group and conducted Negative Binomial Regression, and then it could verify the relative regression coefficient of the vulnerable areas. As a result of the descriptive statistics, the average value of the fraction (mean: 6,815, SD: 5,229) of primary health care at primary health care posts, which corresponds to the vulnerable areas of primary health care was higher than the average value of the fraction(mean: 5,817, SD: 3,778) of primary health care at primary health care posts, where they were not related to the vulnerable areas of the primary health care(p<.001). In the Negative Binomial Regression the fraction of primary health care at primary health care posts, which corresponds to the vulnerable areas of primary health care was 1.17 times higher than the fraction of primary health care centers, which corresponds to the non-vulnerable areas (OR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.05-1.29). According to the population and household status of administrative Dong, significant differences in the fraction of primary health care at primary health care posts occurred at population fraction in the total number of population and the number of people who are 65 years old or more. Also in the Negative Binomial Regression, when the number of population of the administrative Dong is much bigger, the fraction of primary health care at primary health care posts is significantly increased (Based on 1999 or more, 2,000~4,999 OR=1.26, 5,000~9,999 OR=1.56, 10,000~19,999 OR=1.54, Based on 20,000 or less, OR=1.89). In the case of the population fraction, who are 65 years old or more, the fraction of primary health care significantly increased except the 20-29% section (Based on less than 20%, 30~39% OR=1.55, Based on 40% or more, OR=1.72). This study is an analysis using primitive data from the 2019 primary health care post Operation Reports, conducted by the Act on Special Measures for Health and Medical Care in Rural Areas. This study was to identify what differences in the work performance of primary health care posts depending on accessibility of the local health care system and their correlation, and it tried to suggest basic data that the role of primary health care posts could be switched by setting a standard with the vulnerable areas of the primary health care. This study expects that there are no previous studies on workload of primary health care posts depending on accessibility of the local health care system so that this research would be utilized as basic data for related studies.

농어촌 등 보건의료를 위한 특별조치법에 따라 보건진료소는 의료취약지역 주민의 삶의 질 향상에 큰 역할을 해왔다. 보건진료소 제도가 시행된 지 40년이 경과하며 기존 설치·운영되고 있는 보건진료소 소재지의 의료접근성 증대, 65세 이상 노인인구비율 증가, 만성질환관리 수요 발생 등 변화를 맞이함으로써 일차의료서비스 제공 중심 역할에서 벗어나 다각도의 역할변화를 고민해야 할 시점이다. 이 연구는 각 지자체에서 보건복지부로 보고한 2019년 보건진료소 운영상황보고서 내용을 활용하여 보건진료소 소재지의 지역의료접근성과 실제 보건진료소 업무수행 행태에 상관관계가 있는지 알아보고자 하였으며, 2019년 전국에 설치, 운영된 보건진료소 1904개소 중 운영데이터 확인이 어려운 1개소를 제외한 1903개소를 분석 대상으로 선정하였다. 통계 분석은 SAS version 9.4를 사용하였으며 선정된 보건진료소가 소재한 1,205개의 행정동을 기준으로 보건진료소 업무수행 행태를 소재지 규모 및 특성별로 확인하기 위해 기술분석을, 유의성검정을 위해 분산분석을 시행하였다. 의료취약지역과 일차진료 건수의 연관성을 확인하기 위해 미취약지를 기준군으로 설정하여 음이항회귀분석(Negative Binomial Regression)을 시행하고 취약지의 상대적인 회귀계수를 확인하였다. 기술통계 결과, 일차의료취약지역에 해당하는 보건진료소의 평균 일차진료 건수(mean: 6,815, SD: 5,229)는 해당하지 않는 보건진료소의 평균 일차진료건수(mean: 5,817, SD: 3,778)에 비해 높았으며(p<.001), 음이항회귀분석에서도 취약지역은 미취약지역 대비 일차진료 건수가 1.17배 더 높았다(OR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.05-1.29). 보건진료소 소재 행정동의 인구 및 세대 현황에 따른 보건진료소 일차진료 건수의 유의한 차이는 총인구수와 65세 이상 인구 분율에서 나타났으며, 음이항회귀분석에서도 행정동의 인구수가 많을수록 일차진료 건수가 유의하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다(1999이하 기준 2,000~4,999 OR=1.26, 5,000~9,999 OR=1.56, 10,000~19,999 OR=1.54, 20,000이상 OR=1.89). 65세 이상 인구 분율의 경우 20~29% 구간을 제외하고 일차진료 건수가 유의하게 증가하였다(20%미만 기준 30~39% OR=1.55, 40% 이상 OR=1.72). 이 연구는 농어촌 등 보건의료를 위한 특별조치법에 따라 수행된 2019년 보건진료소 운영상황보고서 원시자료를 이용한 분석으로, 지역의료접근성에 따라 보건진료소 업무행태에 어떤 차이가 발생하는지 그 연관성을 파악하고 일차의료취약지역을 하나의 기준으로 하여 보건진료소 역할전환이 가능하다는 기초자료로써의 근거를 제시하고자 하였다. 지역의료접근성에 따른 보건진료소 업무 비중을 다룬 기존의 선행 연구가 없어 이후 관련 연구의 근거자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.
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4. Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > 2. Thesis
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/189870
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