비정신과 간호원의 정신질환 및 정신질환자에 대한 태도조사연구

Abstract

[한글]

A Study of the Attitudes of Nonpsychiatric Registered Nurses towards Mental Illness

and Mental Patients

Park, Yea Sook

Department of Nursing Graduate School of Yonsei University

(Directed by Professor Hong, Shin Young)

The trend in modern nursing is toward the performance of comprehensive nursing

care. Psychiatric nursing emphasizes education which enables the nurse to

understand the underlying difficulties being expressed through a wide range of

emotions and through practice to be more adept in her selection of a manner of

approach which best meets the needs of a given situation.

Presently, in Korea, there is nothing in the literature regarding evaluation of

the effect of psychiatric nursing education on the attitude of nurses towards

mental illness and mentally ill patients.

This study was attempted in order to understand 1) some of the problems in

psychiatric nursing education and 2) some of the factors which affect the attitudes

of nurses towards mental illness and mental patients.

A questionnaire, a Korean translation of the "Opinions about Mental Illness

Scale" by Cohen and Struenins, 1962, was administered to 188 nonpsychiatric

registered nurses employed in Yonsei University Hospital (Y. Hospital) and Seoul

National University Hospital (S. Hospital) located in the city of Seoul. All of the

nurses were directly involved with adult patient care. They graduated from various

nursing schools. The data was collected during the period of October 2 to October

16, 1972.

The age, educational background, marital status, type of previous psychiatric

experience, experience as a graduate nurse and close personal relationship with

someone who was a psychiatric patient were compared with the O.M.I. scores.

The mean and standard errors for each of the comparison groups were computed and

the relationships calculated by a t-test.

The results of the study are summarized as follow:

1. There is no significant difference between the age of the nurses and their

attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients.

2. There is no significant difference between the educational backgrounds of the

nurses and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients.

3. There is a significant difference in the nurses' student psychiatric nursing

experience and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients for the

nurses in S. Hospital only.

The nurses who had 3-4 weeks of student psychiatric nursing experience had a

significantly higher mean score for Benevolence (factor B) than nurses whose

student psychiatric experience had been less than 1 week(P<0.05).

The nurses who had 1-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and more than 4 weeks of student

psychiatric nursing experience had significantly higher mean scores for

Interpersonal Etiology (factor E) than nurses whose student psychiatric experience

had been less than 1 week (P<0.05).

4. There is a significant difference int he nurses' student psychiatric nursing

experience by types of institution and their attitudes towards mental illness and

mental patients for S. Hospital nurses only.

The nurses who had their student psychiatric nursing experience in the government

psychiatric hospitals recorded significantly higher mean score for Authoritarianism

(factor A) than nurses who had their experience in private psychiatric hospitals

(P<0.05).

5. There is no significant difference in the nurses' psychiatric nursing

experience as a graduate nurse and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental

patients.

6. There is no significant difference in the nature and variety of the nurses'

experience as a graduate nurse and their attitude toward mental illness and mental

patients.

7. there is no significant difference in the presence or absence of a close

personal relationship with a mentally ill person and the nurses' attitude toward

mental illness and mental patients.

8. there is no significant difference in the nurses' marital status and their

attitude toward mental illness and mental patients.

9. There is no significant difference between the nurses who were employed in S.

and Y. hospitals and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients.

Major suggestion for further study was to have more larger and wider scale

research for establishment of the reliability and validity of the Korean

translation of the O.M.I. Scale.

[영문]

The trend in modern nursing is toward the performance of comprehensive nursing care. Psychiatric nursing emphasizes education which enables the nurse to understand the underlying difficulties being expressed through a wide range of emotions and through practice to be more adept in her selection of a manner of

approach which best meets the needs of a given situation.

Presently, in Korea, there is nothing in the literature regarding evaluation of the effect of psychiatric nursing education on the attitude of nurses towards mental illness and mentally ill patients.

This study was attempted in order to understand 1) some of the problems in psychiatric nursing education and 2) some of the factors which affect the attitudes of nurses towards mental illness and mental patients.

A questionnaire, a Korean translation of the "Opinions about Mental Illness Scale" by Cohen and Struenins, 1962, was administered to 188 nonpsychiatric registered nurses employed in Yonsei University Hospital (Y. Hospital) and Seoul National University Hospital (S. Hospital) located in the city of Seoul. All of the nurses were directly involved with adult patient care. They graduated from various nursing schools. The data was collected during the period of October 2 to October 16, 1972.

The age, educational background, marital status, type of previous psychiatric experience, experience as a graduate nurse and close personal relationship with someone who was a psychiatric patient were compared with the O.M.I. scores.

The mean and standard errors for each of the comparison groups were computed and the relationships calculated by a t-test.

The results of the study are summarized as follow:

1. There is no significant difference between the age of the nurses and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients.

2. There is no significant difference between the educational backgrounds of the nurses and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients.

3. There is a significant difference in the nurses' student psychiatric nursing experience and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients for the nurses in S. Hospital only.

The nurses who had 3-4 weeks of student psychiatric nursing experience had a significantly higher mean score for Benevolence (factor B) than nurses whose student psychiatric experience had been less than 1 week(P<0.05).

The nurses who had 1-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and more than 4 weeks of student psychiatric nursing experience had significantly higher mean scores for Interpersonal Etiology (factor E) than nurses whose student psychiatric experience had been less than 1 week (P<0.05).

4. There is a significant difference int he nurses' student psychiatric nursing experience by types of institution and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients for S. Hospital nurses only.

The nurses who had their student psychiatric nursing experience in the government psychiatric hospitals recorded significantly higher mean score for Authoritarianism (factor A) than nurses who had their experience in private psychiatric hospitals (P<0.05).

5. There is no significant difference in the nurses' psychiatric nursing experience as a graduate nurse and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients.

6. There is no significant difference in the nature and variety of the nurses' experience as a graduate nurse and their attitude toward mental illness and mental patients.

7. there is no significant difference in the presence or absence of a close personal relationship with a mentally ill person and the nurses' attitude toward mental illness and mental patients.

8. there is no significant difference in the nurses' marital status and their attitude toward mental illness and mental patients.

9. There is no significant difference between the nurses who were employed in S. and Y. hospitals and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients.

Major suggestion for further study was to have more larger and wider scale research for establishment of the reliability and validity of the Korean translation of the O.M.I. Scale.