The biological effect of cyanoacrylate combined calcium phosphate in rabbit calvarial defect

Abstract

[한글]

[영문]Bone grafting techniques have been used extensively to restore maxillofacial osseous defects. Many researchers have attempted to develop the ideal synthetic material as a substitute for autogenous bone, the most recent of which is cyanoacrylate-combined calcium phosphate (CCP). CCP has several physical and mechanical advantages over conventional bone substitutes, such as its plasticity, adhesiveness, and antibacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the biological effects of CCP, and in particular its potential to act as a physical barrier?functioning like a membrane?in rabbit calvarial defects. Male New Zealand White rabbits were used (n = 12). In each animal, four circular calvarial defects with a diameter of 8 mm were prepared and then filled with either nothing (control group) or one of three different experimental materials. In the control condition, the defects were filled only with blood clots (control group); in the experimental conditions, they were filled with CCP alone (CCP group), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and then covered with an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS; BCP/ACS group), or with BCP and then covered by CCP (BCP/CCP group). Animals were sacrificed after either 4 weeks (six animals) or 8 weeks (six animals) of healing, and radiographic and histomorphometric analyses were performed. After 4 and 8 weeks of healing, new bone formation appeared to be lower in the CCP group than in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The amount of new bone formation was highest in the BCP/ACS group, and appeared to be lower in the BCP/CCP group, although the difference was not statistically significant. In both the CCP and BCP/CCP groups, inflammatory cells could be seen after 4 and 8 weeks of healing. Within the limits of this study, CCP exhibited limited osteoconductivity in rabbit calvarial defects and was associated with the presence of inflammatory cells histologically. However, CCP appeared to be well tolerated by the host tissue and demonstrated potential as an effective defect filler in bone augmentation, and thus may be appropriate for implantation clinically, in vivo.