사이아노 아크릴레이트와 β-TCP 복합체의 물성 및 접착성

Abstract

[한글]Histoacryl？은 의학과 치의학 분야에서 조직 접착제로 사용되고 있다. 주 성분은 사이아노 아크릴레이트로서 이 물질의 중요한 장점 중 하나가 실온에서 촉매나 가열 없이 얇은 피막을 형성하며 중합된다는 것이다. 사이아노 아크릴레이트는 순간 접착제로 잘 알려져 있으며, 물이나 아미드 기 등과 같은 약염기 조건에서 급격한 이온반응을 일으키며 중합된다.

종래의 방법으로는 사이아노 아크릴레이트를 세라믹 충전재와 혼합하는 것은 어려웠다. 세라믹의 표면이 약염기성이므로 순간적인 중합반응이 일어나기 때문이었는데 본 연구에서는 β-tricalcium phosphate(β-TCP)의 표면을 산처리함으로써 중합반응의 속도를 낮추었고 그 농도를 달리하여 혼합한 복합체의 물성 및 접착성과 생적합성을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.

1. Histoacryl？과 산처리된 β-TCP를 혼합하여 복합재료를 제조할 경우 중합 과정 중 발생하는 반응열이 현저하게 감소하였다.

2. 압축 강도는 β-TCP의 양이 많을수록 증가하였다.

3. 전단접착강도는 β-TCP의 양이 증가할수록 감소하였다.

4. 세포 독성 실험의 결과는 양호하였다.

이러한 결과로 본 실험에 사용된 β-TCP/Histoacryl？ 복합체를 치과영역의 접착제 혹은 충전 물질로 사용할 수 있는 가능성을 발견하였다.

[영문]N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate which is known as Histoacryl？has been widely utilized as a tissue adhesive in many fields of medicine and dentistry. One of the significant advantages of cyanoacrylate (CA) is the ability to polymerize as a thin film at room temperature, without a catalyst, heating, pressure and removing solvent in a moist environment [1]. CA is well known as an instant adhesive and it is polymerized by using a rapid ionic mechanism in presence of a weak base such as water or amide groups.

Traditionally, it is very difficult to mix CA with ceramic fillers. The surface of ceramic fillers is weakly basic and often contains a certain amount of moisture even in a powder. CA polymerizes momentarily in the presence of basic ceramics, which results in rapid setting and high polymerization heat. This limits the use of ceramic powder as a filler of CA. The aim of this study is to evaluate the physical and adhesive properties of newly developed cyanoacrylate-based β-TCP composite systems.

We have found out novel methods for mixing β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with CA without compositional modification [2]. The β-TCP powder was modified on the surface with citric acid to make this material mixed with CA easily. The acidic treatment of β-TCP was performed by mixing 100 g of β-TCP in 50 g of 3% citric acid aqueous solution and then freeze-drying. The β-TCP-filled CA composites were prepared by mixing Histoacryl？ (B. Braun, Germany) and the acid-treated β-TCP powders. The mixing ratio of acid-treated β-TCP powders to Histoacryl？ were 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0. : The effect of the mixing ratio of acid-treated β-TCP powders to Histoacryl？ on setting time, polymerization heat, shear bonding strength, and compressive strength was investigated. The untreated β-TCP/Histoacryl？ composite was used as a control.

The setting time of acid-treated β-TCP/Histoacryl？ systems was dramatically prolonged. Histoacryl？ polymerized momentarily in the presence of untreated β-TCP, which results in rapid setting and high polymerization heat. The polymerization heat (ΔT=0.5-3℃) of the acid-treated β-TCP/Histoacryl？ systems was significantly decreased compared to that (ΔT=40℃) of untreated β-TCP/Histoacryl？ system. This allowed for enough working time for mixing. The shear bonding strength of cyanoacrylate-based β-TCP composites decreased with addition of acid-treated β-TCP filler. The compressive strength of acid-treated β-TCP/Histoacryl？ composites strongly increased with increasing the amount of acid-treated β-TCP filler. The compressive strength of β-TCP/Histoacryl？ (mixing ratio=2:1) composites increased to 29 MPa.

Key words: n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, β-tricalcium phosphate, composite, biocompatibilityThese results indicated that our novel β-TCP/Histoacryl？ composites had the great potential to serve as adhesives or filling materials in the dental field. Moreover, it is expected that filling materials could be fixed in the bone defect more quickly and firmly due to the adhesive property of Histoacryl？ to hard tissue.