흰쥐의 동맥관폐쇄에 대한 형태학적 연구

Abstract

[한글]

동맥환의 폐쇄기전은 동맥관의 수축에 의해 내강치 축소되어 혈류가 차단되는 생리적 폐쇄와 동맥환의 비후에 의해 일어난다고 생각되는 해부학적 폐쇄로 나눌 수 있다. 동맥관의 해부학적 폐좨기건에 관하여서는 현재 서로 대립되는 두가지 학설이 논의되고 있다.

즉 동맥관 내층세포와 기질의 증가로 인해 일어난다는 설과 단순히 근육의 수축에 의해 일어난다는 설이다.

본 논문은 동맥관 폐쇄에 관한 기건을 규명하고저, 흰쥐의 동맥환에서 출생을 전후하여 일어나는 형태학적 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 hematoxylin-eosin 염색 및 탄성섬유, 교원섬유,점액양물질을 보기 위한 특수 염색을 한후 광학현미경 관찰을 하였고 또한 일부 조

직은 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다.

흰쥐와 동맥관은 생후 4시간에 내강이 완전히 폐쇄되었다. 동맥관 내피세포는 출생 직후부터 점차로 장방형에서 원형으로 변화하여 결국은 내강쪽으로 탁락되면서 괴사하는 과정을 보여주었으나 내피세포의 증식은 관찰되지 않았다. 동맥관 내근층에 위치한 근세포

들이 보다 현저한 변화를 보여 그들의 주행방향이 출생후 시간이 경과함에 따라 내강을 향해 방사상으로 배열하면서 세포자제의 팽대를 보이다가 생후 1주일부터 퇴행 변화를 일으켰다. 출생후 시간이 경과함에 따라 내피세포에 인접한 내탄성막과 근층사이의 탄성섬

유 떠들이 점차 그 두께가 증가됨이 관찰되었다. 또한 교원섬유 및 periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)양성인 세포간 기질이 출생 후 1시간부터 특히 내근층에서 점차적으로 증가됨이 관찰되었다.

이상의 관찰을 기초로 하여 볼 때 흰쥐 동맥관의 해부학적 폐쇄기전은 내층세포의 중식에 의한 것이 아니고 ① 근층의 수축 ② 출생후 내근층세포의 주행방향의 변화 ③ 탄성섬유, 교원섬유 및 PAS반응양성물질이 세포간 기질내에 증가되는 것에 기인 됨을 알 수 있었다.

Study on the Relationship between the Sleeping Posture and Head Form

Soo Young Whang, M.D.

Department of Pediattics, Yonsei University College of Medicine,

Seoul, Korea

(Directed by Prof. Yun, Duk Jin)

Davenport(1963) found that 87% of the human skull growth came in the first two

years of life, a time also associated with a very rapid growth of the nervousto the

supine posture during sleep. However, there have not been any studies which evalua

te different infant sleeping postures as to theis effect on head form. Such is the

purpose of this study.

system.

Among the many indices used to measure head form the lengh-breadth cephalic index

is the most widely used index. Although head form is determined mainly by heredity,

other factors such as temperature and sleeping posture have been considered.

Hrdlicka (1908), Bean et al (1923), Bayley (1936), Ra (1768), Baum et al (1971)

have all reported flattening of the occiput secondary to use of the cradle board or

Infants from higher social class families which were seen in the Severance

Hospital well-baby c1inic were used for the study group. The head lenght and

breadth were measured and the cephalic index calculated by the cross-sectional

method.

The subsequent effect of sleeping posture habits developed in infancy were

studied in seven year old children. An attempt was made to find a correlation

between I.Q. and the cephalic index in the seven year olds.

The following conclusions are summerized below:

1) Stomach sleepers have an increase in head length, and back sleepers an

increase in head width under the 2 year group. The decrease in cephlic index in

male stomach sleepers is caused by the increase in head length and the decrease in

cephalic index in female stomach sleepers is secondary to increasing head length

and decreasing head width.

2) Under the 2 year group, there is Statistically significant difference in

cephalic index related to sleeping posture.

3) Among the 7 year old children there is a statistically significant difference

in cephalic index to sleeping posture.

4) There was no correlation between the cephalic index and the 7 year o1d child's

I.Q.

In conclusion, this study demonstrates changes in head form, as measured by the

cephalic index, secondary to the child's sleeping posture form infancy through the

7th year. As there is an increase in Korean children sleeping in the prone position

there will be an decrease in cephalic index in the future head form in Korean

children. This change is believed to be related to the sleeping posture at infancy

[영문]

Davenport(1963) found that 87% of the human skull growth came in the first two years of life, a time also associated with a very rapid growth of the nervousto the supine posture during sleep. However, there have not been any studies which evalua

te different infant sleeping postures as to theis effect on head form. Such is the purpose of this study. system. Among the many indices used to measure head form the lengh-breadth cephalic index is the most widely used index. Although head form is determined mainly by heredity, other factors such as temperature and sleeping posture have been considered.

Hrdlicka (1908), Bean et al (1923), Bayley (1936), Ra (1768), Baum et al (1971) have all reported flattening of the occiput secondary to use of the cradle board or Infants from higher social class families which were seen in the Severance Hospital well-baby c1inic were used for the study group. The head lenght and breadth were measured and the cephalic index calculated by the cross-sectional method. The subsequent effect of sleeping posture habits developed in infancy were studied in seven year old children. An attempt was made to find a correlation between I.Q. and the cephalic index in the seven year olds.

The following conclusions are summerized below:

1) Stomach sleepers have an increase in head length, and back sleepers an increase in head width under the 2 year group. The decrease in cephlic index in male stomach sleepers is caused by the increase in head length and the decrease in cephalic index in female stomach sleepers is secondary to increasing head length

and decreasing head width.

2) Under the 2 year group, there is Statistically significant difference in cephalic index related to sleeping posture.

3) Among the 7 year old children there is a statistically significant difference in cephalic index to sleeping posture.

4) There was no correlation between the cephalic index and the 7 year o1d child's I.Q.

In conclusion, this study demonstrates changes in head form, as measured by the cephalic index, secondary to the child's sleeping posture form infancy through the 7th year. As there is an increase in Korean children sleeping in the prone position

there will be an decrease in cephalic index in the future head form in Korean children. This change is believed to be related to the sleeping posture at infancy