입원한 암환자 가족과 Non-Cancer 환자 가족이 인지하는 사회적지지에 관한 비교분석 연구

Abstract

[한글]

본 연구는 입원한 암환자 가족과 Non-Cancer환자 가족이 인지하는 사회적 지지정도를 비교분석하여 전문인의 직접적인 사회적 지지의 제공 및 이용가능한 지지조직망을 통해 지지정도를 높이고, 그들이 필요로 하는 새로운 지지망의 형성 및 발달에 관한 기초자료

를 제공하고자 시도되었다.

연구방법은 면접법과 질문지법에 의해 자료를 수집한 기술적 비교연구로서 연구대상자는 서울시내 1개 대학병원의 일반병동에 입원한 암환자 가족과 Non-Cancer환자 가족을 유한모집단으로 하여 대상자 선정기준에 따라 유의표출방법에 의해 추출되어 총 80명을 연

구대상자로 하였다.

연구도구는 박이 개발한 사회적 지지척도를 사용하였으며 이 척도의 내용은 상황중심의 지지척도, 간접적으로 지각한 지지척도, 직접적으로 지각한 지지척도 등 3개 영역으로 분류되어 있다. 자료수집은 1987년 4월 30일부터 5월 9일까지 본 연구자와조사자 1명에 의해 실시되었으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science)를 이용하여 전산처리 하였다.

자료분석방법은 두 집단의 일반적 특성은 실수, 백분율, 평균을 구하였고 두 집단의 일반적 특성의 차이는 X**2 -test와 t-test로 검정하였다. 두 집단의 기대되는 지지제공자수와 차이는 각 집단별로 평균을 구해 t-test로 검정하였고 두 집단의 사회적 지지정도의 차이는 일반적 특성중 각 집단간의 유의한 차이를 나타낸 환자와의 관계, 가족의 월수입, 직업, 주택양상, 의료보험 가입 여부 등의 변수를 통제하기 위해 ANACOVA를 사용하여 검정하였다. 또한 두 집단의 사회적 지지제공자의 분포는 지지제공자 13개의 유형에 따른

빈도를 구하여 비교하였다.

본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.

(1) 입원한 암환자 가족은 Non-Cancer환자 가족에 비해 기대되는 지지제공자수를 많이 인지하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다(t=1.34, p=.184).

(2) 입원한 암환자 가족은 Non-Cancer환자 가족에 비해 건강상황 중심의 지지(F=6.717, p=.001)와 총사회적 지지(F=3.435, p=.005)는 높게 인지하고 있으나 간접적으로 지각한 지지 (F=4.911, p:.001 )는 낮게 인지하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의

한 차이를 나타냈고, 직접적으로 지각한 지지 (F=.823, p=.556)에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

(3) 입원한 암환자 가족내에서의 환자가 받은 치료방법 유병기간, 입원횟수 등의 일반적 특성과 사회적 지지정도와는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

(4) 입원한 암환자 가족은 Non-Cancer환자 가족에 비해 실제상황에서 지지를 제공해준 지지제공자의 실수가 모두 많은 것으로 나타났다.

결론적으로 입원한 암환자 가족은 실제 상황에서 제공받은 지지정도와 총사회적 지지정도는 Non-Cancer환자 가족에 비해 높았으나 간접적으로 지각한 지지정도는 낮게 인지하고 있으므로 입원한 암환자 가족은 이러한 위기상황에서의 사회심리적인 취약성을 보상해 줄 수 있도록 그들의 사회심리적인 요구를 사정하고 간호실무에서 사회적 지지기능을 다 하도록하며, 직접적인 지지의 제공 및 새로운 지지망의 형성과 유지를 강화하고 돕는 간호중재를 실행할 수 있을 것이다.

A Comparative Analytical Study of Social Support as Perceived by Families of

Hospitalized Cancer Patients and Families of Non-Cancer Outpatients

Jin, He Young

Department of Nursing The Graduate School of Yonsei University

(Directed by Professor Lee, Won-Hee, Ph.D.)

This study was conducted to explore the differences in the level of social

support as perceived by families of hospitalized cancer patients and families of

non-canter outpatients.

The research design was a comparative descriptive study and the data were

obtained by use of an interview and a questionnaire.

The subjects of this study were obtained by using a purposive sampling technique

of families of cancer patients who were hospitalized in a general ward and families

of non-cancer outpatients in 1 university hospital in Seoul.

The total number of subjects in this study was 80.

The inst겨ment used for this study was the scale support scale developed by Park

Jee Won. The scale consists of support in life situations in which one might need

assistance, perceived support through others, perceived support through oneself.

Data were collected during the period from April 30, 1987 to May 9 by the

researcher and an assistant investigator.

Data were analyzed by the SPSS computer program using mean, frequency, x**2

-test, t-test, ANOVA.

The results of this study were as follows;

1. Families of hospitalized cancer patients perceived that they had fewer

expected social support providers than families of non-cancer outpatients(t=1.34,

p=.184).

2. Families of hospitalized cancer patients perceived a higher level of support

in life situations in which one might need assistance(F=6.717, p=.001) and total

social support(F=3.435, p=.005) but they perceived a lower level of perceived

support through others(F=4.911, p=.001) and perceived support through

oneself(F=.823, p=.556).

3. In families of hospitalized cancer patients, there were statistically

significant differences between the treatment of patient, the length of time since

diagnosis, the number of admissions and the level of social support.

4. families of hospitalized cancer patients perceived that they had fewer social

support providers in life situations in which one might need assistance than did

families of non-cancer outpatients.

In conclusion, it was found that the social support system perceived by families

of hospitalized cancer patients, in comparison to families of non-cancer

outpatients, had a vulnerable structure and functional deficits.

Therefore, it can be con치uded that this study provides nurses with information

as to the need to increase social support to families of cancer patients.

[영문]

This study was conducted to explore the differences in the level of social support as perceived by families of hospitalized cancer patients and families of non-canter outpatients.

The research design was a comparative descriptive study and the data were obtained by use of an interview and a questionnaire.

The subjects of this study were obtained by using a purposive sampling technique of families of cancer patients who were hospitalized in a general ward and families of non-cancer outpatients in 1 university hospital in Seoul.

The total number of subjects in this study was 80.

The inst겨ment used for this study was the scale support scale developed by Park Jee Won. The scale consists of support in life situations in which one might need assistance, perceived support through others, perceived support through oneself.

Data were collected during the period from April 30, 1987 to May 9 by the researcher and an assistant investigator.

Data were analyzed by the SPSS computer program using mean, frequency, x**2 -test, t-test, ANOVA.

The results of this study were as follows;

1. Families of hospitalized cancer patients perceived that they had fewer expected social support providers than families of non-cancer outpatients(t=1.34, p=.184).

2. Families of hospitalized cancer patients perceived a higher level of support in life situations in which one might need assistance(F=6.717, p=.001) and total social support(F=3.435, p=.005) but they perceived a lower level of perceived

support through others(F=4.911, p=.001) and perceived support through oneself(F=.823, p=.556).

3. In families of hospitalized cancer patients, there were statistically significant differences between the treatment of patient, the length of time since diagnosis, the number of admissions and the level of social support.

4. families of hospitalized cancer patients perceived that they had fewer social support providers in life situations in which one might need assistance than did families of non-cancer outpatients.

In conclusion, it was found that the social support system perceived by families of hospitalized cancer patients, in comparison to families of non-cancer outpatients, had a vulnerable structure and functional deficits.

Therefore, it can be con치uded that this study provides nurses with information as to the need to increase social support to families of cancer patients.